Ye Yihan, Song Fuyong
Department of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China.
Toxicol Res (Camb). 2024 Dec 8;13(6):tfae208. doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfae208. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Sterile alpha and toll interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) are primarily expressed in the mammalian nervous system, with their presence in neurons being associated with mitochondrial aggregation. SARM1 functions as a mediator of cell death and morphological changes, while also regulating Waller degeneration in nerve fibers and influencing glial cell formation.
Recent reports demonstrate SARM1 serves as a connector in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway and plays a role in regulating inflammation during periods of stress such as infection, trauma, and hypoxia. These findings offer new insights into pathogenesis research and the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and pathogen infections.
This review synthesizes recent findings on the immune-related mechanisms of SARM1, emphasizing its roles in inflammation and its functional impact on the nervous system and other bodily systems.
Understanding the multifaceted roles of SARM1 in immune regulation and neuronal health provides novel insights into its involvement in disease pathogenesis. These insights hold promise for advancing research into the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and pathogen-induced conditions.
含无菌α和Toll样白细胞介素受体基序蛋白1（SARM1）主要在哺乳动物神经系统中表达，其在神经元中的存在与线粒体聚集有关。SARM1作为细胞死亡和形态变化的介质，同时还调节神经纤维中的沃勒变性并影响神经胶质细胞形成。
最近的报告表明，SARM1在Toll样受体（TLR）途径中起连接作用，并在感染、创伤和缺氧等应激期间调节炎症中发挥作用。这些发现为神经退行性疾病和病原体感染的发病机制研究以及预防和治疗提供了新的见解。
本综述综合了关于SARM1免疫相关机制的最新发现，重点强调其在炎症中的作用及其对神经系统和其他身体系统的功能影响。
了解SARM1在免疫调节和神经元健康中的多方面作用，为其参与疾病发病机制提供了新的见解。这些见解有望推动神经退行性疾病和病原体诱导病症的预防和治疗研究。
