Nikander Jaakko A O, Tolvanen Asko, Ryba Tatiana V
Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2024 Dec;34(12):e14767. doi: 10.1111/sms.14767.
There are many routes to achieving an elite status in sports, which can be described as a journey that involves many developmental environments. In terms of navigating transitions and across environments, the adolescent years are particularly crucial, and psychosocial skills may assist youth athletes to maintain balance and wellbeing in combining sports and education. The aim of this study was to investigate the environmental differences in career adaptability profiles as students adapt to their sports high schools. A total of 391 student-athletes (51% female, 49% male) from six sports high schools in Finland participated in the study. To compare the environments' features, we created a typology of the environments based on a document analysis methodology. Our quantitative analysis builds upon the findings of the first author, who applied latent profile analysis (LPA) to career adaptability measures across the first year of sports high school. To investigate whether student-athletes have a higher probability of belonging to a profile in certain sports high schools, we used multinomial regression analysis. The results showed that the most sports-focused and centralized environment did not support career adaptability development to the same extent as other environments. Furthermore, we found that student-athletes in the "highly successful" environment had the highest probability of belonging to the high or increased career adaptability profile, despite reporting the highest number of sports training hours and high academic success. This study demonstrates the importance of the locality and the authenticity of the environments and of how their features support student-athletes' career adaptability development.
在体育领域,有许多途径可以达到精英水平,这可以被描述为一段涉及多种发展环境的旅程。就应对转型和跨越不同环境而言,青少年时期尤为关键,社会心理技能可能有助于青年运动员在兼顾体育和学业时保持平衡与健康。本研究的目的是调查学生运动员在适应体育高中时职业适应性概况方面的环境差异。来自芬兰六所体育高中的391名学生运动员(51%为女性,49%为男性)参与了该研究。为了比较各环境的特征,我们基于文献分析方法创建了环境类型学。我们的定量分析基于第一作者的研究结果,他将潜在剖面分析(LPA)应用于体育高中一年级学生的职业适应性测量。为了调查学生运动员在某些体育高中属于特定剖面的概率是否更高,我们使用了多项回归分析。结果表明,最以体育为重点且集中的环境对职业适应性发展的支持程度不如其他环境。此外,我们发现,处于“非常成功”环境中的学生运动员属于高职业适应性或职业适应性增强剖面的概率最高,尽管他们报告的体育训练时间最多且学业成绩优异。这项研究证明了环境的地点性和真实性以及其特征如何支持学生运动员职业适应性发展的重要性。