Primila Cardoso Berti Cássia Regina, Milani Nespollo Alice, Kogien Moises, Das Neves Abreu Evelyn Kelly, Reschetti Marcon Samira, Lebre Dias Tatiane
Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso State, 78550-728 Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Mato Grosso State, 78060-900 Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2024 Dec;52(6):810-821. doi: 10.62641/aep.v52i6.1753.
University life is a phase of developing personal and professional skills, but it brings challenges such as distancing from family and supporting networks, difficulties with academic tasks, loneliness, new relationships, competitiveness, and social, socioeconomic, and psychological vulnerability, among others. These conditions can lead to the development of illnesses such as anxiety, depression, sleeping disorders, suicide, self-harming, and excessive drug use, including psychotropic medications. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use of psychotropic medications and its association with sociodemographic, academic, behavioral, and health variables in Brazilian university students.
A cross-sectional, quantitative research, with a sampling of 524 students from a Brazilian public Higher Education Institution (Federal University of Mato Grosso - UFMT). The collection took place from October 10th to December 30th, 2022. An online questionnaire was applied with sociodemographic and clinical questions-the General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The data were descriptively and inferentially analyzed; in the descriptive analysis, the absolute (FA) and relative (FR) frequencies of each category investigated were presented; and for bi- and multivariate analyses, Poisson regression with robust estimation was used.
The participants were at the median age of 22 years old, the majority were female (69.7%), heterosexual (68.1%), with medium/high subjective social status (82.4%) and without being involved in a romantic relationship (54%). The prevalence of psychotropic medication use was 26.1%, considering that 17.5% was not prescribed by a medical professional. The most used class of medications was antidepressants (91 participants), followed by natural medicines (38 participants). Among the segments associated with the use of psychotropic drugs were female individuals, romantic relationships, perception of academic performance by postgraduate students, and previous diagnoses of mental or mood disorders (depression and anxiety).
The results obtained highlight the importance of research on mental health among university students, especially regarding the use of psychotropic drugs, which must be monitored by a qualified professional. At the university, these data can be important for the development of policies aimed at health and life quality, in addition to contributing to the strengthening of national and international partnerships, and promoting the scientific production in the area.
大学生活是个人和专业技能发展的阶段，但它也带来了诸多挑战，比如与家庭和支持网络疏远、学业任务困难、孤独感、新的人际关系、竞争压力以及社会、社会经济和心理脆弱性等。这些状况可能导致焦虑、抑郁、睡眠障碍、自杀、自我伤害以及过度使用药物（包括精神药物）等疾病的发生。因此，本研究旨在评估巴西大学生精神药物的使用情况及其与社会人口学、学业、行为和健康变量之间的关联。
一项横断面定量研究，对巴西一所公立高等教育机构（马托格罗索联邦大学 - UFMT）的524名学生进行抽样。数据收集于2022年10月10日至12月30日进行。通过在线问卷收集社会人口学和临床问题——广泛性焦虑障碍问卷 -7（GAD -7）和患者健康问卷 -9（PHQ -9）。对数据进行描述性和推断性分析；在描述性分析中，呈现所调查各分类的绝对频数（FA）和相对频数（FR）；对于双变量和多变量分析，使用稳健估计的泊松回归。
参与者的年龄中位数为22岁，大多数为女性（69.7%），异性恋（68.1%），主观社会地位为中/高（82.4%）且未处于恋爱关系中（54%）。精神药物的使用率为26.1%，其中17.5%是未经医学专业人员处方使用的。使用最多的药物类别是抗抑郁药（91名参与者），其次是天然药物（38名参与者）。与使用精神药物相关的因素包括女性、恋爱关系、研究生对学业成绩的认知以及先前的精神或情绪障碍（抑郁和焦虑）诊断。
所获得的结果凸显了大学生心理健康研究的重要性，特别是关于精神药物的使用，必须由合格的专业人员进行监测。在大学层面，这些数据对于制定旨在促进健康和生活质量的政策可能具有重要意义，此外还有助于加强国家和国际合作，并推动该领域的科研产出。
