Fitzpatrick Daniel, Leckie Todd, Heine Gunnar, Hodgson Luke
Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom; Brighton Marathon Research Group, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; University of Brighton, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Harlequins FC, Twickenham, London, United Kingdom; United Kingdom Exertional Heat Illness Advisory Group, United Kingdom.
Brighton Marathon Research Group, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Department of Intensive Care, University Hospitals Sussex, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Brighton and Sussex Medical School, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; United Kingdom Exertional Heat Illness Advisory Group, United Kingdom. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/todd_leckie.
J Sci Med Sport. 2025 Mar;28(3):198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.11.010. Epub 2024 Nov 28.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is prevalent in sport however the risk associated with their use in athletes is not well-understood. This review discusses the pharmacology of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the prevalence of their use in different sports and factors driving this. Use is very high in sports such as professional football and is sometimes by routine without indication and without medical supervision. However there is a paucity of evidence in other sports. There is good evidence for use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs following an acute injury but they may prevent normal tissue healing and remodelling if used longer term for musculoskeletal injuries. There are well-known risks of cardiac, gastrointestinal and renal side effects but little specific data for athletes. Renal events are discussed in detail including the cumulative effect that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, dehydration and concurrent illness can have to produce significant renal and systemic insult. We then discuss a pragmatic prescribing model enabling clinicians to utilise the beneficial effects of these medications whilst minimising risks.
非甾体类抗炎药在体育界使用普遍，但人们对其在运动员中使用的相关风险了解不足。本综述讨论了非甾体类抗炎药的药理学、其在不同运动中的使用 prevalence 以及推动这种使用的因素。在职业足球等运动中使用量非常高，有时是在没有指征且没有医疗监督的情况下常规使用。然而，在其他运动中证据不足。有充分证据表明在急性损伤后使用非甾体类抗炎药，但如果长期用于肌肉骨骼损伤，它们可能会妨碍正常组织愈合和重塑。非甾体类抗炎药存在众所周知的心脏、胃肠道和肾脏副作用风险，但针对运动员的具体数据很少。详细讨论了肾脏事件，包括非甾体类抗炎药使用、脱水和并发疾病可能产生的累积效应，从而导致严重的肾脏和全身损害。然后，我们讨论了一种实用的处方模式，使临床医生能够利用这些药物的有益效果，同时将风险降至最低。
