Zhang Feng, Hao Xuemi, Liu Jia, Hou Hongping, Chen Shilin, Wang Caixia
State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137 Chengdu, Sichuan China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2025 Jan 8;73(1):47-65. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c08372. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
Triterpenoids are natural products found in plants that exhibit industrial and agricultural importance. Triterpenoids are typically synthesized through two main pathways: the mevalonate (MVA) and methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathways. They then undergo structural diversification with the help of squalene cyclases (OSCs), cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs), and acyltransferases (ATs). Advances in multiomics technologies for herbal plants have led to the identification of novel triterpenoid biosynthetic pathways. The application of various analytical techniques facilitates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of triterpenoids. Progress in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering has also facilitated the heterologous production of triterpenoids in microorganisms, such as and This review summarizes recent advances in biotechnological approaches aimed at elucidating the complex pathway of triterpenoid biosynthesis. It also discusses the metabolic engineering strategies employed to increase the level of triterpenoid production in chassis cells.
三萜类化合物是在植物中发现的具有工业和农业重要性的天然产物。三萜类化合物通常通过两条主要途径合成：甲羟戊酸（MVA）途径和甲基赤藓糖醇4-磷酸（MEP）途径。然后，它们在角鲨烯环化酶（OSC）、细胞色素P450单加氧酶（P450）、UDP-糖基转移酶（UGT）和酰基转移酶（AT）的帮助下进行结构多样化。草药植物多组学技术的进展已导致鉴定出新的三萜类生物合成途径。各种分析技术的应用有助于三萜类化合物的定性和定量分析。合成生物学和代谢工程的进展也促进了三萜类化合物在微生物中的异源生产，如 和 。本综述总结了旨在阐明三萜类生物合成复杂途径的生物技术方法的最新进展。它还讨论了用于提高底盘细胞中三萜类化合物产量的代谢工程策略。
