Agostinho Joana Deyse Lima, Matos Taynara Simão, Pinto Francisco das Chagas Lima, Maciel Jéssica Bezerra, Ferreira Maria Kueirislene Amâncio, de Menezes Jane Eire Silva Alencar, Silveira Edilberto Rocha, Pessoa Otília Deusdênia Loiola
Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, 60021-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2025 Jan 31;340:119235. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.119235. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
Plectranthus ornatus is a medicinal plant originally from Africa but adapted to Brazil's climate conditions. It is recognized for its therapeutic properties, particularly for treating liver and stomach diseases, gastritis control, heartburn, and hangover. Therefore, studies on its chemical composition and pharmacological evaluation are important for the safe use of the plant.
To investigate the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of leaf decoction of P. ornatus.
The lyophilized herbal decoction from P. ornatus leaves was extracted with MeOH (methodology A), and CHCl and n-BuOH (methodology B). The compounds were isolated using chromatographic techniques. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic methods (H and C NMR, IR, and HRESIMS) and comparison with published data. The lyophilized herbal decoctions DPO A (decoction from methodology A) and DPO B (methodology B), and compounds 8, 9, 15, and 16 (4, 20, and 40 mg/kg) were evaluated for their toxicity, anti-nociceptive, and anti-inflammatory effects in experimental adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) models.
The present study focused on the CHCl and MeOH soluble fractions from the lyophilized leaf decoction leading to the isolation of five new diterpenes (1, 4-7) and two new glucuronide flavonoid derivatives (2 and 3). In addition, four diterpenes (14-17), two glucuronide flavonoid derivatives (10 and 11), three phenolics (8, 12, and 13), and one disaccharide (9) previously reported were also isolated. In zebrafish essays, all samples showed no toxicity and exhibited an anti-nociceptive effect in at least one of the tested doses: 9, 15, 16, and DPO B (4 mg/kg), 8 (20 mg/kg), and DPO A (40 mg/kg). Moreover, the compounds 15 (4, 20, and 40 mg/kg) and 16 (4, 20, and 40 mg/kg) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects.
The lyophilized decoctions (DPO A and DPO B) including the compounds 8, 9, 15, and 16 exhibited significant anti-nociceptive effects in adult zebrafish and showed no toxicity. Since pain can be a symptom of liver, stomach, and gastrointestinal disorders, and all the samples proved to be non-toxic, the herbal decoction of P. ornatus leaf could be considered a potential therapeutic option in pain management, supporting the ethnopharmacological use of the plant.
垂花水苏是一种原产于非洲但已适应巴西气候条件的药用植物。它因其治疗特性而闻名，尤其用于治疗肝脏和胃部疾病、控制胃炎、缓解烧心和宿醉。因此，对其化学成分和药理评价的研究对于该植物的安全使用具有重要意义。
研究垂花水苏叶煎剂的化学成分和药理活性。
采用甲醇（方法A）、氯仿和正丁醇（方法B）对垂花水苏叶冻干煎剂进行提取。使用色谱技术分离化合物。通过光谱方法（氢谱和碳谱核磁共振、红外光谱和高分辨电喷雾电离质谱）并与已发表数据进行比较来确定其结构。对冻干煎剂DPO A（方法A煎剂）和DPO B（方法B煎剂）以及化合物8、9、15和16（4、20和40mg/kg）在实验性成年斑马鱼（斑马鱼）模型中进行毒性、抗伤害感受和抗炎作用评估。
本研究聚焦于垂花水苏叶冻干煎剂中氯仿和甲醇可溶部分，从中分离出5种新的二萜类化合物（1、4 - 7）和2种新的葡萄糖醛酸黄酮衍生物（2和3）。此外，还分离出4种先前报道的二萜类化合物（14 - 17）、2种葡萄糖醛酸黄酮衍生物（10和11）、3种酚类化合物（8、12和13）和1种二糖（9）。在斑马鱼实验中，所有样品均无毒性，并且在至少一种测试剂量下表现出抗伤害感受作用：9、15、16和DPO B（4mg/kg）、8（20mg/kg）以及DPO A（40mg/kg）。此外，化合物15（4、20和40mg/kg）和16（4、20和40mg/kg）表现出抗炎作用。
包括化合物8、9、15和16的冻干煎剂（DPO A和DPO B）在成年斑马鱼中表现出显著的抗伤害感受作用且无毒性。由于疼痛可能是肝脏、胃部和胃肠道疾病的症状，并且所有样品均被证明无毒，垂花水苏叶煎剂可被视为疼痛管理中的一种潜在治疗选择，这支持了该植物的民族药理学应用。
