Schwartz Michael K, Dunn Summer L, Gendron William A C, Helm Jennifer E, Kamau W Sebastian, Mark-Shadbolt Melanie, Moehrenschlager Axel, Redford Kent H, Russell Gregory, Sandler Ronald L, Schultz Courtney A, Wiedenheft Blake, Emmel Amanda S, Brodie Jedediah F
USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, MT, USA.
USDA Forest Service, Policy Office, Strategy and Analysis Branch, Washington, DC, USA.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2025 Mar;40(3):296-307. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2024.11.011. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
Introducing new genes and new species into ecosystems where they have not previously existed presents opportunities and complex, multivalue decisions for conservation biologists and the public. Both synthetic biology and conservation introductions offer potential benefits, such as avoiding extinctions and restoring ecological function, but also carry risks of unintended ecological consequences and raise social and moral concerns. Although the conservation community has attempted to establish guidelines for each new tool, there is a need for comprehensive principles that will enable conservation managers to navigate emerging technologies. Here, we combine biological, legal, social, cultural, and ethical considerations into an inclusive set of principles designed to facilitate the efforts of managers facing high-consequence conservation decisions by clarifying the stakes of inaction and action, along with the use of decision frameworks to integrate multiple considerations.
将新基因和新物种引入它们以前不存在的生态系统，为保护生物学家和公众带来了机遇以及复杂的、具有多方面价值的决策。合成生物学和保护引入都有潜在益处，比如避免物种灭绝和恢复生态功能，但也存在产生意外生态后果的风险，并引发社会和道德方面的担忧。尽管保护界已尝试为每种新工具制定指导方针，但仍需要全面的原则，以便保护管理者应对新兴技术。在此，我们将生物学、法律、社会、文化和伦理考量结合成一套包容性原则，旨在通过明确不作为和行动的风险，以及利用决策框架整合多种考量，来推动面临重大保护决策的管理者的工作。
