Chan Elizabeth S M, Langberg Joshua M
Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
J Occup Rehabil. 2024 Dec 12. doi: 10.1007/s10926-024-10259-y.
The present study adds to the literature by evaluating the differential risk of ADHD symptom dimensions and executive functioning (EF; time management, organization, motivation) to key occupational outcomes.
Participants were adults (N = 100; 51% male) with ADHD working full-time between the ages of 19-30 (M = 26.61, SD = 2.28). Participants reported on their ADHD symptoms and EF as well as on five areas of occupational functioning (income, written warnings, boredom at work, satisfaction with coworkers and supervisors).
Over and above medication status, sex, and age, path analyses revealed hyperactivity/impulsivity and time management were the most consistent predictors of outcomes. Higher levels of each predictor were associated with lower income, more written warnings, greater boredom at work, as well as lower satisfaction with coworkers and supervisors. Executive function difficulties with organization and motivation were risk factors for all evaluated outcomes, except written warnings. Higher levels of inattention symptoms were associated with more written warnings and lower satisfaction with coworkers.
The present study is one of the first to document the differential risks of ADHD symptoms and EF to a comprehensive set of occupational functioning outcomes. Future research is needed to replicate the present findings and expand this line of work to identify factors that may protect against these ADHD-related risks on workplace success.
本研究通过评估注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状维度和执行功能（EF；时间管理、组织能力、动机）对关键职业成果的差异风险，为相关文献增添了内容。
参与者为19至30岁（平均年龄M = 26.61，标准差SD = 2.28）全职工作的患有ADHD的成年人（N = 100；51%为男性）。参与者报告了他们的ADHD症状和执行功能，以及职业功能的五个方面（收入、书面警告、工作中的无聊感、对同事和上级的满意度）。
除了药物治疗状况、性别和年龄外，路径分析显示多动/冲动和时间管理是结果最一致的预测因素。每个预测因素水平越高，与收入越低、书面警告越多、工作中无聊感越强以及对同事和上级的满意度越低相关。执行功能在组织和动机方面的困难是所有评估结果（书面警告除外）的风险因素。注意力不集中症状水平越高，与书面警告越多以及对同事的满意度越低相关。
本研究是首批记录ADHD症状和执行功能对一系列全面职业功能结果的差异风险的研究之一。未来需要进行研究来复制本研究结果，并扩展这一工作领域，以确定可能预防这些与ADHD相关的职场成功风险的因素。
