Sharma Preeti, Malik Sangeeta, Wadhwan Vijay, Sharma Rishabh
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2024 Jul-Sep;28(3):443-454. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_511_23. Epub 2024 Oct 15.
Amidst worldwide reports of adverse oral lesions subsequent to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination, the current systematic review planned to determine the prevalence of adverse oral events in adult individuals (≥18 years) after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, emphasizing upon the type and dose of vaccine, time of onset, and underlying pathophysiology. The registered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42023421307), conforming with PRISMA guidelines, included an all-inclusive literature search through online databases, consisting of Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Lilacs, Livivo, and PROSPERO, completed on 2 May 2023, followed by assessment of risk of bias by Joana Briggs Institute Evaluation Checklist. Due to the paucity of literature, case reports and case series were included. Self-reported lesions were excluded. Qualitative synthesis employing Microsoft Excel software 2019 revealed low prevalence (43 subjects) from 26 case reports and two case series. There were multiple erosive oral ulcers on gingiva, palate, burning pain in the mouth, xerostomia, tongue fissuring and glossitis, palatal petechiae, diffuse erythematous lesions and loss of smell (16.2%), primary herpetic gingivostomatitis (21%), oral lichen planus (16.2%), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (6.9%), Bell's palsy in four cases where two cases were Guillain-Barré syndrome (9.3%), erythema multiforme (11.6%), pemphigus (4.6%), idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (6.9%), unilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy (4.6%), and trigeminal neuralgia (2.3%). Maximum cases (22 subjects) presented oral lesions after Pfizer (BNT162b2) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. No association was found between the vaccine type and dose with oral side effects. Dentists must be aware of the oral adverse effects after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination to better understand the pathogenesis and the risk factors associated with such reactions.
在全球范围内有关于严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗接种后出现口腔不良病变的报道的背景下，本系统评价旨在确定成人（≥18岁）接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗后口腔不良事件的发生率，重点关注疫苗的类型和剂量、发病时间以及潜在的病理生理学机制。符合PRISMA指南的注册方案（PROSPERO CRD42023421307）包括通过在线数据库进行全面的文献检索，这些数据库有Scopus、PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science、Lilacs、Livivo和PROSPERO，检索于2023年5月2日完成，随后根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所评估清单对偏倚风险进行评估。由于文献匮乏，纳入了病例报告和病例系列。排除了自我报告的病变。使用Microsoft Excel软件2019进行的定性综合分析显示，26篇病例报告和2个病例系列中的患病率较低（43例受试者）。出现了牙龈、上腭多处糜烂性口腔溃疡、口腔灼痛、口干、舌裂和舌炎、腭部瘀点、弥漫性红斑病变以及嗅觉丧失（16.2%）、原发性疱疹性龈口炎（21%）、口腔扁平苔藓（16.2%）、史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征（6.9%）、4例贝尔麻痹（其中2例为吉兰-巴雷综合征，9.3%）、多形红斑（11.6%）、天疱疮（4.6%）、特发性血小板减少性紫癜（6.9%）、单侧舌下神经麻痹（4.6%）和三叉神经痛（2.3%）。最大数量的病例（22例受试者）在接种辉瑞（BNT162b2）SARS-CoV-2疫苗后出现口腔病变。未发现疫苗类型和剂量与口腔副作用之间存在关联。牙医必须了解2019冠状病毒病疫苗接种后的口腔不良反应，以便更好地理解其发病机制以及与此类反应相关的风险因素。
