Smith Taryn J, Hess Sonja Y, Angeles-Agdeppa Imelda, Goyena Eva, Gelli Aulo, Olney Deanna K
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK.
Institute for Global Nutrition and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Matern Child Nutr. 2024 Dec 13:e13786. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13786.
Suboptimal diets contribute to the risk of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases across the life course. Globally, intakes of fruit and vegetables (F&V) fall below recommendations, including in the Philippines. To promote F&V intakes, understanding the extent of inadequate intakes across population groups and key drivers of dietary patterns is needed. This narrative scoping review was conducted to map the diet, F&V intakes and nutritional status in the Philippines. PubMed was searched using keywords specific to diet, F&V intake, and nutritional status, with 50, 24 and 22 articles meeting the inclusion criteria for diet, F&V intake, and nutritional status, respectively. Available evidence indicates that across all population and sociodemographic groups, diets lacked diversity, with high intakes of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods, such as refined rice and sugar-based foods and beverages, contributing to inadequate micronutrient intakes. Intakes of F&V were especially low across all population groups. Stunting/short height, wasting and underweight were prevalent among children and adolescents, and micronutrient deficiencies (iron, zinc, vitamin A) were common among children < 5 years of age. More than one-quarter of adults were overweight or obese and demonstrated poor cardiometabolic health. A lack of published evidence identified through this search reported on pregnant and lactating women and women of reproductive age. Published evaluations assessing the impact of interventions or programmes to improve diets or F&V intake were limited. Additional research to fill these gaps will help design interventions and target entry points to improve diet diversity and F&V intakes across all population groups.
不健康饮食会增加一生中营养不良和患非传染性疾病的风险。在全球范围内，水果和蔬菜（F&V）的摄入量低于建议水平，菲律宾亦是如此。为了促进水果和蔬菜的摄入，需要了解不同人群摄入不足的程度以及饮食模式的关键驱动因素。本叙述性综述旨在梳理菲律宾的饮食、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及营养状况。通过使用与饮食、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及营养状况相关的特定关键词在PubMed上进行检索，分别有50篇、24篇和22篇文章符合饮食、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及营养状况的纳入标准。现有证据表明，在所有人群和社会人口群体中，饮食缺乏多样性，高能量、低营养食物（如精制大米以及含糖食品和饮料）的高摄入量导致微量营养素摄入不足。所有人群的水果和蔬菜摄入量尤其低。发育迟缓/身高偏矮、消瘦和体重不足在儿童和青少年中普遍存在，5岁以下儿童常见微量营养素缺乏（铁、锌、维生素A）。超过四分之一的成年人超重或肥胖，且心脏代谢健康状况不佳。通过此次检索未发现有关孕妇、哺乳期妇女和育龄妇女的已发表证据。评估改善饮食或水果和蔬菜摄入量的干预措施或项目影响的已发表评估有限。填补这些空白的进一步研究将有助于设计干预措施并确定切入点，以改善所有人群的饮食多样性和水果和蔬菜摄入量。
