Neyaz Leena A, Arafa Sara H, Alsulami Fatimah S, Ashi Hayat, Elbanna Khaled, Abulreesh Hussein H
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Research Laboratories Unit, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Pol J Microbiol. 2024 Dec 13;73(4):433-454. doi: 10.33073/pjm-2024-046. eCollection 2024 Dec 1.
spp. is a major source of global gastrointestinal infections. Their enteric infections are linked to the consumption of undercooked poultry products, contaminated milk and water, and the handling of wild animals and birds. The detection of spp. in water and food samples mainly depends on culture-based techniques. Public Health England (PHE), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the International Standard Organization (ISO) have standardized spp. isolation and enumeration procedures for food and water samples, which involve the usage of selective agar media and enrichment broth. Different types of selective plating and enrichment media have been prepared for spp. detection and assessment during regular food surveillance and food poisoning. To date, culture media remains the standard option for microbiological food analysis and has been approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and World Health Organization (WHO). This review discusses the standard microbiological protocols for spp. isolation and enumeration in food and water and evaluates detection media (pre-enrichment, selective enrichment, and selective plating) for their rational applications. Moreover, it also elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of recent chromogenic culture media in spp.-oriented food surveillance. This review also highlights the challenges of culture-based techniques, future developments, and alternative methods for spp. detection in food and water samples.
某菌属是全球胃肠道感染的主要来源。它们引起的肠道感染与食用未煮熟的家禽产品、受污染的牛奶和水以及接触野生动物和鸟类有关。在水和食品样本中检测某菌属主要依赖基于培养的技术。英国公共卫生部（PHE）、美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和国际标准化组织（ISO）已经对食品和水样本中某菌属的分离和计数程序进行了标准化，这涉及使用选择性琼脂培养基和增菌肉汤。在常规食品监测和食物中毒期间，已经制备了不同类型的选择性平板和增菌培养基用于某菌属的检测和评估。迄今为止，培养基仍然是微生物食品分析的标准选择，并已获得美国环境保护局（US EPA）、联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）和世界卫生组织（WHO）的批准。本综述讨论了食品和水中某菌属分离和计数的标准微生物学方案，并评估了检测培养基（预增菌、选择性增菌和选择性平板培养）的合理应用。此外，还阐述了最近用于某菌属食品监测的显色培养基的优缺点。本综述还强调了基于培养技术的挑战、未来发展以及食品和水样本中某菌属检测的替代方法。
