Martinelle Ludovic, Saegerman Claude
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, CARE-FEPEX experimental Station, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk analysis applied to Veterinary sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2893:207-222. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4338-9_16.
In the late summer of 2011, the Netherlands reported a cluster of reduced milk yield, fever, and diarrhea in dairy cattle. In March 2012, congenital malformations appeared, and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was identified, becoming one of the few orthobunyaviruses distributed in Europe. Initially, little was known about the pathogenesis and epidemiology of these viruses in the European context, so assumptions were largely extrapolated from related viruses and other regions worldwide. To study SBV's pathogenesis and its ability to cross the placental barrier, standardized and repeatable models that mimic clinical signs observed in the field are essential. This review discusses some of the latest experimental designs for infectious disease challenges involving SBV, covering infectious doses, routes of infection, inoculum preparation, and origin. Special attention is given to the placental crossing associated with SBV.
2011年夏末，荷兰报告了一群奶牛出现产奶量下降、发热和腹泻的情况。2012年3月，出现了先天性畸形，施马伦贝格病毒（SBV）被确认，成为在欧洲分布的少数几种正布尼亚病毒之一。最初，在欧洲范围内，人们对这些病毒的发病机制和流行病学了解甚少，因此很大程度上是从相关病毒和世界其他地区进行推断的。为了研究SBV的发病机制及其穿越胎盘屏障的能力，模拟在野外观察到的临床症状的标准化且可重复的模型至关重要。本综述讨论了一些涉及SBV的传染病挑战的最新实验设计，涵盖感染剂量、感染途径、接种体制备和来源。特别关注与SBV相关的胎盘穿越情况。
