Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland.
School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Sports Health. 2024 Nov-Dec;16(6):903-912. doi: 10.1177/19417381241230613. Epub 2024 Feb 26.
Hamstring (HS) strength deficits and imbalances have been identified as risk factors for sustaining anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and muscular strains, with HS injuries being the most prevalent muscle injuries in soccer athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate HS eccentric strength before and after a soccer match in both male and female soccer athletes.
Soccer athletes have changes in eccentric HS strength after a soccer game.
Cohort observational study.
Level 3.
HS eccentric strength (mean and absolute peak torque and total work) was measured in 64 healthy male and female competitive football athletes (14-25 years) with an automatic device during the execution of the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) test before and after a 90-minute soccer match. The anterior-knee laxity (AKL) was quantified with an arthrometer.
Mean and absolute eccentric HS peak torque decreased by 24.5 N.m (-12.34%; < 0.01) and 21.9 N.m (-10.08%; < 0.01) in female athletes, whereas their male peers improved by 19.9 N.m (+9.01%; = 0.01) and by 20.9 N.m (+8.51%; = 0.02), respectively. HS total work in female athletes decreased by 831.1 J ( < 0.01) compared with the male athlete reduction of 235.3 J. Both the pre- versus postmatch intersex mean and absolute eccentric HS peak torque changes were significant ( < 0.01), as were the changes in HS total work ( < 0.01). The pre- versus postmatch AKL difference and the dominant versus nondominant limb comparison of the strength parameters were not significantly different. Younger female athletes (14-19 years old) presented a greater decrease in mean and absolute peak HS eccentric strength compared with those in older female athletes and men.
HS eccentric strength and work differ based on athlete sex, as measured by the NHE test. Mean peak, absolute peak, and total work showed greater reductions in female athletes than those in their male peers. The subgroup of 14- to 19-year-old female athletes experienced the highest reduction in strength parameters.
腘绳肌（HS）力量不足和不平衡已被确定为前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤和肌肉拉伤的危险因素，其中 HS 损伤是足球运动员中最常见的肌肉损伤。本研究的目的是调查男性和女性足球运动员在足球比赛前后的 HS 离心力量。
足球运动员在足球比赛后 HS 离心力量发生变化。
队列观察性研究。
3 级。
使用自动装置，在 64 名健康的男性和女性竞技足球运动员（14-25 岁）执行北欧腘绳肌运动（NHE）测试前后，测量 HS 离心力量（平均和绝对峰值扭矩和总功）。用关节测径器测量前膝松弛度（AKL）。
女性运动员的平均和绝对 HS 离心峰值扭矩分别下降 24.5 N.m（-12.34%；<0.01）和 21.9 N.m（-10.08%；<0.01），而男性运动员则分别增加 19.9 N.m（+9.01%；=0.01）和 20.9 N.m（+8.51%；=0.02）。与男性运动员减少 235.3 J 相比，女性运动员的 HS 总功减少了 831.1 J（<0.01）。与男性运动员相比，女性运动员的 HS 离心峰值扭矩的前后差值和前后绝对差值均有统计学意义（<0.01），HS 总功的前后差值也有统计学意义（<0.01）。前后 AKL 差值和力量参数的优势与非优势肢体比较均无统计学差异。与年龄较大的女性运动员和男性相比，14-19 岁的年轻女性运动员的平均和绝对 HS 离心峰值力量下降幅度更大。
通过 NHE 测试，HS 离心力量和工作因运动员性别而异。与男性相比，女性运动员的平均峰值、绝对峰值和总功下降幅度更大。14 至 19 岁的女性运动员的力量参数下降幅度最大。
