Li Weijia, Paul Christine L, Baker Amanda L, Byaruhanga Judith, Dizon Jason, Chiu Simon, Tzelepis Flora
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
J Subst Use Addict Treat. 2025 Feb;169:209603. doi: 10.1016/j.josat.2024.209603. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
Rural populations have higher rates of tobacco use but are less likely to use evidence-based smoking cessation treatments than urban residents. There is limited evidence on the use of smoking cessation treatments and the factors associated with their use in rural populations. This study explored quit attempts, use of smoking cessation treatments, quitting intention and associated factors among rural residents seeking smoking cessation treatment.
Participants were adult rural or remote residents of New South Wales, Australia who enrolled in a randomized trial of smoking cessation treatment (n = 1244). Participants completed an online baseline survey assessing quit attempts, quitting intention, and prior use of smoking cessation treatments. Multivariable logistic regressions that adjusted for other variables examined associations and derived odds ratios.
Almost half (48.3 %) of participants made a quit attempt in the last 12 months, and 44.6 % intended to quit in the next 30 days. Women (OR = 0.74, 95 % CI 0.56-0.99), Australian-born participants (OR = 0.67, 95 % CI 0.45-0.99) and those with moderate (OR = 0.53, 95 % CI 0.40-0.71) or high (OR = 0.42, 95 % CI 0.28-0.63) nicotine dependence had significantly lower odds of making a quit attempt in the last 12 months. Among participants who had ever made a quit attempt, most had used pharmacotherapies (82.2 %) or behavioral interventions (68.3 %) during any quit attempt. Participants with moderate (OR = 1.96, 95 % CI 1.37-2.79) or high (OR = 3.27, 95 % CI 1.66-6.45) nicotine dependence and chronic conditions (OR = 1.45, 95 % CI 1.00-2.11) had significantly greater odds of pharmacotherapy use while those who drank alcohol daily or almost daily (OR = 0.46, 95 % CI 0.26-0.81) had significantly lower odds of pharmacotherapy use. Those with moderate (OR = 1.38, 95 % CI 1.02-1.87) or high (OR = 3.31, 95 % CI 1.94-5.66) nicotine dependence, university education (OR = 1.47, 95 % CI 1.04-2.07), moderate (OR = 1.63, 95 % CI 1.19-2.22) or high (OR = 1.73, 95 % CI 1.12-2.68) financial stress, and anxiety (OR = 1.61, 95 % CI 1.16-2.22) had significantly greater odds of using behavioral treatments whereas those with depression (OR = 0.66, 95 % CI 0.47-0.92) had significantly lower odds.
Some sub-groups had lower odds of using smoking cessation treatments. Understanding if particular barriers hinder use of smoking cessation treatments among certain sub-groups of rural residents is needed.
农村人口的烟草使用率较高，但与城市居民相比，他们使用循证戒烟治疗的可能性较小。关于农村人口使用戒烟治疗及其使用相关因素的证据有限。本研究探讨了寻求戒烟治疗的农村居民的戒烟尝试、戒烟治疗的使用情况、戒烟意愿及相关因素。
研究对象为澳大利亚新南威尔士州的成年农村或偏远地区居民，他们参与了一项戒烟治疗的随机试验（n = 1244）。参与者完成了一项在线基线调查，评估戒烟尝试、戒烟意愿以及既往戒烟治疗的使用情况。通过对其他变量进行调整的多变量逻辑回归分析来检验关联并得出比值比。
近一半（48.3%）的参与者在过去12个月内进行过戒烟尝试，44.6%的参与者打算在未来30天内戒烟。女性（比值比=0.74，95%置信区间0.56 - 0.99）、澳大利亚出生的参与者（比值比=0.67，95%置信区间0.45 - 0.99）以及尼古丁依赖程度为中度（比值比=0.53，95%置信区间0.40 - 0.71）或高度（比值比=0.42，95%置信区间0.28 - 0.63）的参与者在过去12个月内进行戒烟尝试的几率显著较低。在曾经进行过戒烟尝试的参与者中，大多数人在任何一次戒烟尝试中都使用过药物治疗（82.2%）或行为干预（68.3%）。尼古丁依赖程度为中度（比值比=1.96，95%置信区间1.37 - 2.79）或高度（比值比=3.27，95%置信区间1.66 - 6.45）以及患有慢性病（比值比=1.45，95%置信区间1.00 - 2.11）的参与者使用药物治疗的几率显著更高，而每天或几乎每天饮酒的参与者使用药物治疗的几率显著更低（比值比=0.46，95%置信区间0.26 - 0.81）。尼古丁依赖程度为中度（比值比=1.38，95%置信区间1.02 - 1.87）或高度（比值比=3.31，95%置信区间1.94 - 5.66）、接受过大学教育（比值比=1.47，95%置信区间1.04 - 2.07）、存在中度（比值比=1.63，95%置信区间1.19 - 2.22）或高度（比值比=1.73，95%置信区间1.12 - 2.
