Constructing ecological security patterns using remote sensing ecological index and circuit theory: A case study of the Changchun-Jilin-Tumen region.

Rapid urbanization and the implementation of ecological civilization initiatives are increasingly influencing regional ecosystems, necessitating a balance between urban development and ecological conservation for sustainable progress. The Changchun-Jilin-Tumen (CJT) region, a critical grain production base and ecological security barrier in China, faces the challenge of managing urban growth, food security, and ecological stability. This study proposes an integrated approach combining the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) and circuit theory to develop an Ecological Security Pattern (ESP) for the region. Habitat quality is assessed using RSEI, while Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) identifies ecological sources. Circuit theory is then employed to map ecological corridors, pinch points, and barriers. The results indicate that ecological sources cover 2985.33 km (4.15% of the study area), and ecological corridors extend across 22,433.89 km (31.21% of the area), with 150 optimal corridors totaling 3675.23 km in length. Based on these findings, the study proposes a comprehensive ESP structure consisting of "three zones, one barrier, and one belt," along with targeted restoration optimization measures. The integration of RSEI and circuit theory offers a novel methodology for identifying priority areas for ecological restoration and provides essential guidance for land spatial planning and sustainable regional development.