Kristensen Jeanette, Kruse Amanda Brinch, Kjeldsen Anne Mette Hostrup, Nielsen Liza Rosenbaum
Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 15, Frederiksberg 1870, Denmark.
SEGES Innovation, Agro Food Park 15, Aarhus N 8200, Denmark.
Prev Vet Med. 2025 Feb;235:106406. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106406. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
Antimicrobial use (AMU) in veal production is high compared to other bovine production types and has been suggested as an area with potential for AMU reduction. High AMU is a public health concern due to its association with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Identifying farm characteristics associated with AMU could provide valuable insights for stakeholders seeking to monitor and implement initiatives to reduce AMU. This study aimed at investigating farm characteristics associated with AMU in Danish rosé veal farms, which is the main veal production type in Denmark. The AMU and characteristics included were extracted from two Danish national databases; The Danish Central Husbandry Register (CHR) and the Danish Veterinary Medicines Statistics Program (VetStat). Characteristics included were farm size, mortality, number of suppliers, sites per farm, and farm-level composition of animals with regards to sex and breed. The 118 farms included in the study received 41 % of the total amount of antimicrobials prescribed for Danish calves and young stock in 2020 measured in Animal Daily Doses (ADD). A multivariable linear regression model with the annual average farm-level AMU as outcome was created. AMU was measured as ADD per 100 animals per day (ADD100) and square root-transformed in the model. Increasing farm size and number of suppliers and decreasing proportion of crossbred bulls were found to be significantly associated with higher AMU. However, proportion of crossbred bulls was correlated with proportion of females. Separating the effects of breed and sex was not possible, partly due to the highly summarised data structure. Mortality and number of sites were not significantly associated with AMU. Farms with the type "starter-farms" has previously been shown to have a higher AMU compared to other rosé veal farm types. An important finding in this study was that grouping multiple sites into farms by using ownership data made it possible to summarise AMU for the full line of production from arrival at the veal farm to exit for slaughter. The results and approaches from this paper present an opportunity for repeated evaluation of farm characteristics associated with AMU, which could be used to continuously adapt and target AMU monitoring and control. In addition, it is done on existing surveillance data which keeps the cost of the study low in terms of data collection and data management.
与其他肉牛生产类型相比，小牛肉生产中的抗菌药物使用量较高，并且有人认为这是一个有潜力降低抗菌药物使用量的领域。由于抗菌药物使用量高与抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）相关，因此它是一个公共卫生问题。识别与抗菌药物使用相关的养殖场特征，可为寻求监测和实施降低抗菌药物使用量举措的利益相关者提供有价值的见解。本研究旨在调查丹麦玫瑰小牛肉养殖场中与抗菌药物使用相关的养殖场特征，玫瑰小牛肉是丹麦主要的小牛肉生产类型。抗菌药物使用量及相关特征数据来自丹麦两个国家数据库：丹麦中央畜牧登记册（CHR）和丹麦兽药统计计划（VetStat）。所包括的特征有养殖场规模、死亡率、供应商数量、每个养殖场的场地数量，以及按性别和品种划分的养殖场层面动物组成。本研究纳入的118个养殖场，其2020年丹麦犊牛和幼畜所开具的抗菌药物总量的41%，以动物每日剂量（ADD）衡量。创建了一个以年度平均养殖场层面抗菌药物使用量为结果变量的多变量线性回归模型。抗菌药物使用量以每100头动物每天的ADD（ADD100）来衡量，并在模型中进行平方根转换。研究发现，养殖场规模的增加、供应商数量的增加以及杂交公牛比例的降低与更高的抗菌药物使用量显著相关。然而，杂交公牛的比例与雌性的比例相关。由于数据结构高度汇总，无法区分品种和性别的影响。死亡率和场地数量与抗菌药物使用量无显著关联。与其他玫瑰小牛肉养殖场类型相比，“起步养殖场”类型的养殖场此前已被证明抗菌药物使用量更高。本研究的一个重要发现是，通过使用所有权数据将多个场地归为一个养殖场，使得能够汇总从抵达小牛肉养殖场到出栏屠宰的整个生产流程中的抗菌药物使用量。本文的结果和方法为反复评估与抗菌药物使用相关的养殖场特征提供了机会，这可用于持续调整和针对性地进行抗菌药物使用监测与控制。此外，这是基于现有监测数据完成的，在数据收集和数据管理方面使研究成本保持较低水平。
