Shereff M J, Bregman A M, Kummer F J
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1985 Jan-Feb(192):260-7.
The load distribution under the foot was investigated under various conditions by means of pressure-sensitive transducers. Weight-bearing pressures at the first and third metatarsal heads and at the heel were measured while subjects ambulated barefoot and while wearing numerous immobilization devices. The proportion of body weight imposed on the plantar surface of the foot is dependent on the specific gait pattern displayed during barefoot walking. Maximum reduction of forefoot loads was achieved by means of a short-leg walking cast or an ankle boot cast with a posteriorly placed flat rubber heel. A centrally placed rocker heel leads to increased forefoot loads, especially under the first metatarsal head. Casting devices used in conjunction with cast shoes were not as effective in pressure reduction as the same cast with a posteriorly placed heel, but they were more effective than the rocker heel. The height of the cast and configuration of the sole of the cast shoe had little effect on the observed patterns of force distribution. The wooden-soled post-operative shoe did decrease weight-bearing pressures as compared with barefoot walking and casts with a rocker heel but was less effective than the other devices studied. Peak loads measured at the sole of the foot were dependent on the position of the ankle and subtalar joints at the time of cast application.
通过压敏传感器在各种条件下研究了足部下方的负荷分布情况。在受试者赤脚行走以及穿着多种固定装置行走时，测量了第一和第三跖骨头以及足跟处的负重压力。施加在足底表面的体重比例取决于赤脚行走时所展现的特定步态模式。通过短腿行走石膏或带有后置扁平橡胶后跟的踝靴石膏可实现前足负荷的最大程度降低。中央放置的摇摆足跟会导致前足负荷增加，尤其是在第一跖骨头下方。与石膏鞋配合使用的石膏装置在减轻压力方面不如带有后置足跟的相同石膏有效，但比摇摆足跟更有效。石膏的高度和石膏鞋鞋底的形状对观察到的力分布模式影响不大。与赤脚行走以及带有摇摆足跟的石膏相比，木底术后鞋确实降低了负重压力，但比所研究的其他装置效果要差。在石膏应用时，在足底测量的峰值负荷取决于踝关节和距下关节的位置。
