Fu Yanhong, Feng Chunjing, Qin Shan, Xing Zhiyao, Liu Chong, Liu Zichuan, Yu Hongjian
School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Tianjin University and Health-Biotech United Group Joint Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Translational Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Nov 29;15:1503099. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1503099. eCollection 2024.
Autoimmune diseases occur due to a dysregulation within the immune system, leading to an aberrant assault on the organism's own tissues. The pathogenesis of these conditions is multifactorial, encompassing intricate interplays among genetic predispositions, environmental determinants, and hormonal fluctuations. The spectrum of autoimmune diseases is broad, impacting a multitude of organ systems, with notable examples such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriasis, and vitiligo. Despite substantial progress in therapeutic interventions over recent years, a definitive cure for autoimmune diseases has yet to be realized, with existing modalities largely providing palliative care. Cellular therapy is considered the fourth pillar in the management of oncological disorders subsequent to surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Cellular therapies have shown potential in augmenting immune competence and eliminating of targeted neoplastic cells in a spectrum of cancers. As targeting specific molecules on the surface of autoreactive B and T cells, such as CD19, BCMA, CD20, and CTLA-4, cellular therapies are emerging as promising approaches for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This review delineates the advancements in the application of cellular therapies applied recently for autoimmune diseases and proposes considerations for the advancement of novel therapeutic strategies.
自身免疫性疾病是由于免疫系统失调导致机体自身组织受到异常攻击而发生的。这些疾病的发病机制是多因素的，包括遗传易感性、环境决定因素和激素波动之间的复杂相互作用。自身免疫性疾病的范围很广，影响多个器官系统，显著的例子有类风湿性关节炎（RA）、系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）、多发性硬化症（MS）、银屑病和白癜风。尽管近年来治疗干预取得了重大进展，但自身免疫性疾病的根治方法尚未实现，现有治疗方式主要提供姑息治疗。细胞疗法被认为是继手术切除、放疗和化疗之后肿瘤疾病治疗的第四大支柱。细胞疗法在增强免疫能力和消除一系列癌症中的靶向肿瘤细胞方面已显示出潜力。作为针对自身反应性B细胞和T细胞表面特定分子（如CD19、BCMA、CD20和CTLA-4）的疗法，细胞疗法正成为治疗自身免疫性疾病的有前景的方法。本综述阐述了近期应用于自身免疫性疾病的细胞疗法的进展，并提出了新型治疗策略推进的考虑因素。
