Chua-Lawas Ma Royce, Rotor Esmerita R
Department of Speech Pathology, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila.
Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila.
Acta Med Philipp. 2023 May 29;57(5):28-43. doi: 10.47895/amp.vi0.3913. eCollection 2023.
The lip trill is a semi-occluded vocal tract exercise found to have positive outcomes on vocal parameters of healthy individuals after a single session. However, the effect of several lip trill sessions has not been studied.
This study investigated the effect of a 3- to 4-week lip trill exercise program on Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), Maximum Phonation Frequency Range (MPFR), Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio (HNR), and mean Speaking Fundamental Frequency (mean SFF).
Three vocally untrained healthy females with perceptually normal voices participated in a multiple-baseline, single-case experimental research. Five to seven direct training sessions were randomly assigned. Self-implementation was encouraged thereafter. Participants were assessed on all outcome measures for 15 sessions. Data were visualized and inspected. Cohen's d was also derived using Standardized Mean Difference for single-subject research.
Visual and statistical analyses revealed a decreased MPT when training was introduced, increased MPFR variability during the training phase, and increased stability in mean SFF post-training. Perceived effects include vocal freedom, decreased laryngeal stress, and vocal conditioning. Vocal outcomes in one participant yielded a significant effect on MPFR and mean SFF and a small effect on HNR.
There is evidence of lip trill effect on pitch control and vocal conditioning. Findings also revealed that motivation, exercise frequency, and adherence could contribute to positive gains in vocally healthy speakers. Further investigation in consideration of the study findings and limitations is warranted.
唇颤音是一种半闭塞声道练习，已发现单次练习对健康个体的嗓音参数有积极影响。然而，多次唇颤音练习的效果尚未得到研究。
本研究调查了为期3至4周的唇颤音练习计划对最大发声时间（MPT）、最大发声频率范围（MPFR）、谐波噪声比（HNR）和平均说话基频（平均SFF）的影响。
三名未经嗓音训练、嗓音感知正常的健康女性参与了一项多基线单病例实验研究。随机分配五至七次直接训练课程。此后鼓励自我练习。对参与者进行了15次所有结果指标的评估。对数据进行了可视化和检查。还使用单受试者研究的标准化平均差得出了科恩d值。
视觉和统计分析显示，引入训练后MPT降低，训练阶段MPFR变异性增加，训练后平均SFF稳定性增加。感知到的效果包括发声自如、喉部压力降低和嗓音调节。一名参与者的嗓音结果对MPFR和平均SFF有显著影响，对HNR有微小影响。
有证据表明唇颤音对音高控制和嗓音调节有影响。研究结果还表明，动机、练习频率和依从性可能有助于嗓音健康者取得积极进展。有必要根据研究结果和局限性进行进一步调查。
