Jahan Nabila, Khan Riasat, Matin Mohammad Abdul
North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 29;10(21):e39903. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39903. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.
Thin-film solar cells are a substitute for more common crystalline silicon solar cells, which consist of thin semiconductor layers. Thin-film materials comprise direct bandgap and can absorb sunlight more efficiently than silicon. In this article, a double-absorber-based thin-film solar cell comprising CZTS/CZTSSe is designed and optimized through numerical simulation. The proposed solar cell structure consists of a transparent window layer made of aluminum-doped zinc oxide, followed by an intrinsic zinc oxide layer, an n-type cadmium sulfide layer, and a p-type combined absorber layer of copper zinc tin sulfide (CuZnSnS) (CZTS) and copper zinc tin sulfur-selenium alloy (CuZnSn(S,Se)) (CZTSSe). The structure is further optimized by introducing two interfacial layers between CZTSSe/CZTS and CZTS/CdS. The highest conversion efficiency is achieved by adjusting the thicknesses of the layers, the doping densities in different layers, and the defect densities in the two absorber layers. The optimized model, with a total thickness of 2.01 μm, demonstrates an open-circuit voltage (V ) of 0.7669 V, a short-circuit current (J ) of 48.57740 mA/cm, a fill factor () of 70.61%, and efficiency () of 26.31%. These results suggest that CZTS is a promising candidate for replacing other thin-film photovoltaic materials, such as CdTe. The proposed double-absorber thin-film solar cell optimizes doping concentration, thickness, and defect density to enhance performance metrics and efficiency while utilizing non-toxic materials to promote cost-effective, environmentally friendly energy solutions.
薄膜太阳能电池是更常见的晶体硅太阳能电池的替代品，后者由薄半导体层组成。薄膜材料具有直接带隙，比硅更能有效地吸收阳光。在本文中，通过数值模拟设计并优化了一种包含CZTS/CZTSSe的双吸收体薄膜太阳能电池。所提出的太阳能电池结构由铝掺杂氧化锌制成的透明窗口层、本征氧化锌层、n型硫化镉层以及铜锌锡硫化物（CuZnSnS）（CZTS）和铜锌锡硫硒合金（CuZnSn(S,Se)）（CZTSSe）的p型复合吸收体层组成。通过在CZTSSe/CZTS和CZTS/CdS之间引入两个界面层，进一步优化了该结构。通过调整各层的厚度、不同层中的掺杂密度以及两个吸收体层中的缺陷密度，实现了最高转换效率。优化后的模型总厚度为2.01μm，开路电压（V ）为0.7669V，短路电流（J ）为48.57740mA/cm，填充因子（）为70.61%，效率（）为26.31%。这些结果表明，CZTS是替代其他薄膜光伏材料（如CdTe）的有前途的候选材料。所提出的双吸收体薄膜太阳能电池优化了掺杂浓度、厚度和缺陷密度，以提高性能指标和效率，同时使用无毒材料来促进具有成本效益的环保能源解决方案。
