Liu Jing, Khan Maahi, Liu Fang
Changchun Finance College, Jilin Province Financial Security Research Center, Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China.
Anhui University of Finance and Economics, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 14;10(18):e36304. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36304. eCollection 2024 Sep 30.
In recent years, biorefining Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) has gained attention as a promising solution to the challenges of waste management and resource shortages, while also advancing sustainability goals. This research focuses on the European Union, analyzing the material flow and sustainability of biorefining systems and evaluating their impact on society, the economy, and the natural environment. The final products of the integrated material recovery processes, including recycling (18.3 %), heavy metals (3.6 %), fiber (1.4 %), hydrogen sulfate (7.4 %), recoverable water (14.8 %), fertilizer (8.4 %), and electric power (0.126 MWH/t MSW), are derived from the combined operations of material recovery facilities, pulverization, chemical conversion, wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), and combined heat and power (CHP) systems. The CHP system recovers energy from sources such as refuse-derived fuel (RDF), other disposable waste, charcoal, and natural gas produced by material recovery facilities, chemical conversion, and anaerobic digestion (AD) systems. Levulinic acid (LA), priced at 52 Euro/t, generates a profit of 220 Euro/t, excluding any subsidies. Potential reductions in carbon dioxide emissions are estimated at 2.5 and 1.4 kg CO2 equivalents per kilogram of levulinic acid (LA) and fertilizer, respectively, and 0.18 kg CO2 equivalents per megajoule of electrical power. This study underscores the importance of sustainable management practices in the context of digital capabilities, emphasizing the data flow dynamics essential for optimizing family life and finance in achieving sustainability.
近年来，城市固体废物（MSW）生物精炼作为一种应对废物管理和资源短缺挑战的可行解决方案受到关注，同时也推动了可持续发展目标的实现。本研究聚焦于欧盟，分析生物精炼系统的物质流和可持续性，并评估其对社会、经济和自然环境的影响。综合材料回收过程的最终产品，包括回收物（18.3%）、重金属（3.6%）、纤维（1.4%）、硫酸氢（7.4%）、可回收水（14.8%）、肥料（8.4%）和电力（0.126兆瓦时/吨城市固体废物），来自材料回收设施、粉碎、化学转化、污水处理厂（WWTP）以及热电联产（CHP）系统的联合运行。热电联产系统从材料回收设施、化学转化和厌氧消化（AD）系统产生的垃圾衍生燃料（RDF）、其他一次性废物、木炭和天然气等来源回收能量。乙酰丙酸（LA）价格为52欧元/吨，每吨产生220欧元的利润，不包括任何补贴。估计每千克乙酰丙酸（LA）和肥料分别可减少二氧化碳排放2.5千克和1.4千克二氧化碳当量，每兆焦耳电力可减少0.18千克二氧化碳当量。本研究强调了在数字能力背景下可持续管理实践的重要性，强调了在实现可持续性过程中优化家庭生活和财务所需的数据流动态。
