Centre for Environmental and Sustainability, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
Bioresour Technol. 2017 Nov;243:135-146. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.078. Epub 2017 Jun 17.
This paper presents material flow and sustainability analyses of novel mechanical biological chemical treatment system for complete valorization of municipal solid waste (MSW). It integrates material recovery facility (MRF); pulping, chemical conversion; effluent treatment plant (ETP), anaerobic digestion (AD); and combined heat and power (CHP) systems producing end products: recyclables (24.9% by mass of MSW), metals (2.7%), fibre (1.5%); levulinic acid (7.4%); recyclable water (14.7%), fertiliser (8.3%); and electricity (0.126MWh/t MSW), respectively. Refuse derived fuel (RDF) and non-recyclable other waste, char and biogas from MRF, chemical conversion and AD systems, respectively, are energy recovered in the CHP system. Levulinic acid gives profitability independent of subsidies; MSW priced at 50Euro/t gives a margin of 204Euro/t. Global warming potential savings are 2.4 and 1.3kg CO equivalent per kg of levulinic acid and fertiliser, and 0.17kg CO equivalent per MJ of grid electricity offset, respectively.
本文对新型机械生物化学处理系统进行了物质流和可持续性分析，该系统可实现城市固体废物（MSW）的完全增值利用。该系统集成了物料回收设施（MRF）；制浆、化学转化；废水处理厂（ETP）、厌氧消化（AD）；以及热电联产（CHP）系统，生产出的最终产品有：可回收物（占 MSW 质量的 24.9%）、金属（2.7%）、纤维（1.5%）、乙酰丙酸（7.4%）、可回收水（14.7%）、肥料（8.3%）和电力（0.126MWh/t MSW）。垃圾衍生燃料（RDF）和不可回收的其他废物、来自 MRF、化学转化和 AD 系统的炭和沼气分别在 CHP 系统中得到了能源回收。乙酰丙酸具有盈利性，无需补贴；MSW 以 50 欧元/t 的价格出售，每吨可获利 204 欧元。每公斤乙酰丙酸和肥料分别可节省 2.4 和 1.3kg CO 当量的温室气体潜势，每兆瓦时电网电力抵消可节省 0.17kg CO 当量。
