Zhang Jing Cheng, Fan Yubin, Yao Jin, Chen Mu Ku, Lin Shirong, Liang Yao, Leng Borui, Tsai Din Ping
Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Nanophotonics. 2023 Oct 2;13(8):1201-1217. doi: 10.1515/nanoph-2023-0544. eCollection 2024 Apr.
The metaverse has captured significant attention as it provides a virtual realm that cannot be experienced in the physical world. Programmable optical holograms, integral components of the metaverse, allow users to access diverse information without needing external equipment. Meta-devices composed of artificially customized nano-antennas are excellent candidates for programmable optical holograms due to their compact footprint and flexible electromagnetic manipulation. Programmable optical meta-holograms can dynamically alter reconstructed images in real-time by directly modulating the optical properties of the metasurface or by modifying the incident light. Information can be encoded across multiple channels and freely selected through switchable functionality. These advantages will broaden the range of virtual scenarios in the metaverse, facilitating further development and practical applications. This review concentrates on recent advancements in the fundamentals and applications of programmable optical meta-holograms. We aim to provide readers with general knowledge and potential inspiration for applying programmable optical meta-holograms, both intrinsic and external ways, into the metaverse for better performance. An outlook and perspective on the challenges and prospects in these rapidly growing research areas are provided.
元宇宙因其提供了一个在现实世界中无法体验的虚拟领域而备受关注。可编程光学全息图作为元宇宙的核心组成部分，使用户无需外部设备就能获取各种信息。由人工定制纳米天线组成的元器件因其紧凑的尺寸和灵活的电磁操控能力，是可编程光学全息图的理想选择。可编程光学元全息图可以通过直接调制超表面的光学特性或改变入射光，实时动态地改变重建图像。信息可以跨多个通道进行编码，并通过可切换功能自由选择。这些优势将拓宽元宇宙中的虚拟场景范围，促进其进一步发展和实际应用。本文综述了可编程光学元全息图在基础和应用方面的最新进展。我们旨在为读者提供关于将可编程光学元全息图以内在和外在方式应用于元宇宙以实现更好性能的一般知识和潜在灵感。同时，还对这些快速发展的研究领域中的挑战和前景进行了展望。
