Kulkarni Siddharth S, Klementz Benjamin C, Sharma Prashant P
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Integrative Biology, Madison 53706, Wisconsin, United States.
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, School of Biology, Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura 695551, Kerala, India.
J Hered. 2024 Dec 16. doi: 10.1093/jhered/esae074.
Within the arachnids, chromosome-level genome assemblies have greatly accelerated the understanding of gene family evolution and developmental genomics in key groups, such as spiders (Araneae), mites and ticks (Acariformes and Parasitiformes). Among other poorly studied arachnid orders that lack genome assemblies altogether are the clade Pedipalpi, which is comprised of three orders that form the sister group of spiders, which diverged over 400 Mya. We close this gap by generating the first chromosome-level assembly from a single specimen of the vinegaroon Mastigoproctus giganteus (Uropygi). We show that this highly complete genome retains plesiomorphic conditions for many gene families that have undergone lineage-specific derivations within the more diverse spiders. Consistent with the phylogenetic position of Uropygi, macrosynteny in the M. giganteus genome substantiates the signature of an ancient whole genome duplication.
在蛛形纲动物中，染色体水平的基因组组装极大地加速了对关键类群（如蜘蛛目（Araneae）、螨类和蜱类（蜱螨亚目（Acariformes）和寄螨目（Parasitiformes）））中基因家族进化和发育基因组学的理解。在其他研究较少且完全缺乏基因组组装的蛛形纲目中，有螯肢亚门（Pedipalpi）分支，它由三个目组成，是蜘蛛的姐妹群，在4亿多年前就已分化。我们通过从单个巨型鞭蝎（Mastigoproctus giganteus，鞭蝎目（Uropygi））标本生成首个染色体水平的组装来填补这一空白。我们表明，这个高度完整的基因组对于许多在更为多样化的蜘蛛中经历了谱系特异性衍生的基因家族保留了祖先状态。与鞭蝎目的系统发育位置一致，巨型鞭蝎基因组中的宏观共线性证实了古老的全基因组复制的特征。
