Drab Agnieszka, Wdowiak Krystian, Kanadys Wiesław, Malm Maria, Dolar-Szczasny Joanna, Zieliński Grzegorz, Borowska Mariola, Religioni Urszula
Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland.
Specialistic Medical Center Czechow, Gynecology Unit, 20-848 Lublin, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Dec 2;16(23):4044. doi: 10.3390/cancers16234044.
: Incidence of breast cancer (BrCa) may be correlated with country development, with a rise in cases anticipated in regions of the world that are currently undergoing an economic transformation. Herein, differences with regard to the occurrence of breast cancer between individual countries may depend on the distribution of risk factors, the level of early detection, also ethnicity and race, as well as clinical characteristics. The aim of our study was to identify and then investigate observational studies in which the risk of breast cancer was associated with the use of oral hormonal contraceptives (OCs), with particular emphasis on geographic region, and to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the obtained data. : RR (relative risk) was calculated and displayed in forest plots for visual interpretation. Accordingly, 74 studies involving a total of 198,579 women were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. This is the first meta-analysis to comprehensively summarize the evidence between OC use and BrCa risk in connection with geographical region. : The cumulative results of the meta-analysis for specific parts of the world are: Africa (RR = 1.16, = 0.216) and the Americas (RR = 1.03, = 0.597); Asia (RR = 1.29, = 0.014); European countries (RR = 1.01, = 0.904); and Middle East countries (RR = 1.29, = 0.043). Subgroup analyses showed an increased risk of BrCa for the analyzed variables that depended upon the geographical region. : Our meta-analysis suggests that OC use may be associated with a higher BrCa risk, although a statistically significant association was not found for all geographical regions of the world.
乳腺癌（BrCa）的发病率可能与国家发展相关，预计在当前正在经历经济转型的世界各地区病例数将会增加。在此，各个国家之间乳腺癌发生情况的差异可能取决于风险因素的分布、早期检测水平、种族以及临床特征。我们研究的目的是识别并调查乳腺癌风险与口服激素避孕药（OCs）使用相关的观察性研究，特别强调地理区域，并对所得数据进行系统综述和荟萃分析。计算相对风险（RR）并展示在森林图中以便直观解读。因此，74项涉及总共198,579名女性的研究符合纳入荟萃分析的条件。这是第一项全面总结OCs使用与BrCa风险之间证据并结合地理区域的荟萃分析。世界特定地区荟萃分析的累积结果如下：非洲（RR = 1.16， = 0.216）和美洲（RR = 1.03， = 0.597）；亚洲（RR = 1.29， = 0.014）；欧洲国家（RR = 1.01， = 0.904）；中东国家（RR = 1.29， = 0.043）。亚组分析显示，所分析变量的BrCa风险增加取决于地理区域。我们的荟萃分析表明，使用OCs可能与较高的BrCa风险相关，尽管在世界所有地理区域未发现具有统计学意义的关联。
