Padilla-Fonseca Nicole, Araya-Castillo Agatha, Arias-Campos María Paula, Solís-Rivera Ana Paula, Jiménez-Matarrita Jeniffer, Ramírez Karol
School of Statistics, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, Montes de Oca, San José 11801, Costa Rica.
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Costa Rica, Finca 3 "Instalaciones Deportivas", Sabanilla, Montes de Oca, San José 11502, Costa Rica.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;14(23):2624. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14232624.
This study aimed to (1) investigate whether dental anxiety (DA) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) differed between patients diagnosed with periodontitis and individuals with periodontal health, (2) examine associations and correlations between these patient-reported measures, and (3) analyze demographic and clinical parameters.
Ninety-six patients diagnosed with periodontitis and age- and sex-matched periodontally healthy controls were included. Participants' demographic characteristics, smoking status, current dental pain, dental pain during the last month, the Modified Corah's Scale (MDAS), and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) were determined.
The mean age of participants was 48.51 years ± 11.41. Patients with periodontitis experienced higher pain in the last month compared to controls ( = 0.003). Patients with periodontitis exhibited significantly higher MDAS total and sub-scores ( < 0.001). Compared to controls, the periodontitis group indicated extreme DA (1.04% vs. 7.79%, = 0.034). Patients with periodontitis feared having a foreign object in the mouth compared to controls ( = 0.004). The periodontitis group exhibited worse OHIP-14 global and sub-scores (all s < 0.001). Positive associations and correlations of MDAS total and sub-scores with OHIP-14 global and domain scores were found for the periodontitis group, but not for controls. Patients with periodontitis who reported "moderate and extreme anxiety" had poorer OHRQoL compared to controls = 0.001). The minimal importance difference for this finding indicates a large effect size and a moderate standardized response mean between groups.
Patients with periodontitis had higher levels of DA and worse OHRQoL compared to controls. Our study highlights the importance of providing a comprehensive approach, including psychosocial well-being, when diagnosing and treating periodontal disease.
本研究旨在（1）调查被诊断为牙周炎的患者与牙周健康个体之间的牙科焦虑（DA）和口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）是否存在差异；（2）检查这些患者报告的指标之间的关联和相关性；（3）分析人口统计学和临床参数。
纳入96例被诊断为牙周炎的患者以及年龄和性别匹配的牙周健康对照者。确定参与者的人口统计学特征、吸烟状况、当前牙痛、过去一个月内的牙痛、改良科拉量表（MDAS）及口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP - 14）。
参与者的平均年龄为48.51岁±11.41岁。与对照组相比，牙周炎患者在过去一个月内经历的疼痛更严重（P = 0.003）。牙周炎患者的MDAS总分和子分数显著更高（P < 0.001）。与对照组相比，牙周炎组表现出极端牙科焦虑（1.04% 对7.79%，P = 0.034）。与对照组相比，牙周炎患者更害怕口腔中有异物（P = 0.004）。牙周炎组的OHIP - 14总体及子分数更差（所有P值< 0.001）。在牙周炎组中发现MDAS总分和子分数与OHIP - 14总体及领域分数呈正相关，但对照组未发现这种相关性。与对照组相比，报告“中度和极端焦虑”的牙周炎患者的OHRQoL更差（P = 0.001）。这一发现的最小重要差异表明效应量较大，组间标准化反应均值适中。
与对照组相比，牙周炎患者的牙科焦虑水平更高，OHRQoL更差。我们的研究强调了在诊断和治疗牙周疾病时提供包括心理社会福祉在内的综合方法的重要性。
