Tornese Riccardo, Montefusco Anna, Placì Rocco, Semeraro Teodoro, Durante Miriana, De Caroli Monica, Calabrese Gianpiero, Caprifico Anna Eleonora, Lenucci Marcello Salvatore
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via Prov.le Lecce Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET-URT Lecce), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Campus Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 29;13(23):3350. doi: 10.3390/plants13233350.
Pomegranate ( L.) has long been recognised for its rich antioxidant profile and potential health benefits. Recent research has expanded its therapeutic potential to include antiangiogenic properties, which are crucial for inhibiting the growth of tumours and other pathological conditions involving aberrant blood vessel formation. This review consolidates current findings on the antiangiogenic effects of pomegranate extracts. We explore the impact of pomegranate polyphenols, including ellagic acid, punicalagin, anthocyanins, punicic acid and bioactive polysaccharides on key angiogenesis-related pathways and endothelial cell function. Emphasis is placed on the effects of these extracts as phytocomplexes rather than isolated compounds. Additionally, we discuss the use of pomegranate by-products, such as peels and seeds, in the preparation of extracts within a green chemistry and circular economy framework, highlighting their value in enhancing extract efficacy and sustainability. By primarily reviewing in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies, we assess how these extracts modulate angiogenesis across various disease models and explore their potential as adjunctive therapies for cancer and other angiogenesis-driven disorders. This review also identifies existing knowledge gaps and proposes future research directions to fully elucidate the clinical utility of pomegranate extracts in therapeutic applications.
石榴（Punica granatum L.）长期以来因其丰富的抗氧化成分和潜在的健康益处而受到认可。最近的研究扩展了其治疗潜力，使其具有抗血管生成特性，这对于抑制肿瘤生长以及涉及异常血管形成的其他病理状况至关重要。本综述汇总了关于石榴提取物抗血管生成作用的当前研究结果。我们探讨了石榴多酚，包括鞣花酸、石榴皮素、花青素、石榴酸和生物活性多糖对关键血管生成相关途径和内皮细胞功能的影响。重点在于这些提取物作为植物复合物而非单一化合物的作用。此外，我们讨论了在绿色化学和循环经济框架内，利用石榴皮和籽等石榴副产物制备提取物，强调它们在提高提取物功效和可持续性方面的价值。通过主要回顾体外和体内临床前研究，我们评估这些提取物如何在各种疾病模型中调节血管生成，并探索它们作为癌症和其他血管生成驱动性疾病辅助治疗的潜力。本综述还确定了现有的知识空白，并提出了未来的研究方向，以全面阐明石榴提取物在治疗应用中的临床效用。
