Baptista Andrea, Menicucci Felicia, Brunetti Cecilia, Dos Santos Nascimento Luana Beatriz, Pasquini Dalila, Alderotti Francesca, Detti Cassandra, Ferrini Francesco, Gori Antonella
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Dec 3;13(23):3395. doi: 10.3390/plants13233395.
Rosemary ( Spenn. syn. L.) is a Mediterranean aromatic species used both as an official herb and as a spice. Different cultivars may exhibit diverse phytochemical compositions, making a comprehensive chemical characterization pivotal for a targeted selection of valuable cultivars. This study aimed to characterize and compare the phenolic and terpene composition and content of leaf extracts of six Mediterranean rosemary cultivars: 'Alba', 'Arp' 'Ginger', 'Gorizia', 'Tuscan Blue', and 'Roseus'. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed a similar phenolic composition in all the cultivars, but quantitative differences were observed. The main compounds were carnosic acid derivatives, flavonoids (e.g., luteolin, apigenin, and quercetin glucosides), rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and other hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. The highest phenolic content was found in 'Alba', with a predominance of carnosic acid derivatives, whereas the lowest was found in 'Ginger' and 'Gorizia'. The GC-MS analysis evidenced quantitative differences among the cultivars. Particularly, 'Alba' contained the highest terpene content, whereas 'Arp' and 'Gorizia' showed the lowest values. Regarding the antioxidant activity, 'Alba' exhibited the highest values as regards phenols, while for terpenes, the highest ones were obtained for 'Ginger' and 'Tuscan Blue'. Significant Pearson correlations were obtained between the total phenol/terpene content and the antioxidant activity. The chemical characterization of these cultivars provides relevant information to produce the rosemary phytocomplexes, finding multiple industrial applications.
迷迭香（唇形科 迷迭香属）是一种地中海芳香植物，既用作官方草药，也用作香料。不同的品种可能具有不同的植物化学成分，因此全面的化学表征对于有针对性地选择有价值的品种至关重要。本研究旨在表征和比较六个地中海迷迭香品种：“阿尔巴”、“阿尔普”、“姜味”、“戈里齐亚”、“托斯卡纳蓝”和“玫瑰红”叶片提取物的酚类和萜类成分及含量。高效液相色谱 - 二极管阵列检测分析表明，所有品种的酚类成分相似，但存在定量差异。主要化合物为鼠尾草酸衍生物、黄酮类化合物（如木犀草素、芹菜素和槲皮素糖苷）、迷迭香酸、咖啡酸和其他羟基肉桂酸衍生物。“阿尔巴”的酚类含量最高，以鼠尾草酸衍生物为主，而“姜味”和“戈里齐亚”的酚类含量最低。气相色谱 - 质谱分析证明了不同品种之间存在定量差异。特别是，“阿尔巴”的萜类含量最高，而“阿尔普”和“戈里齐亚”的萜类含量最低。关于抗氧化活性，“阿尔巴”在酚类方面表现出最高值，而对于萜类，“姜味”和“托斯卡纳蓝”表现出最高值。总酚/萜类含量与抗氧化活性之间存在显著的皮尔逊相关性。这些品种的化学表征为生产迷迭香植物复合物提供了相关信息，具有多种工业应用。
