Liu Min, Xu Jianwei, Li Yuan, He Feng J, Zhang Puhong, Song Jing, Gao Yifu, Yan Shichun, Yan Wei, Jin Donghui, Chang Xiaoyu, Xu Zhihua, Bai Yamin, Ji Ning, Pan Ningning, Wu Jing
National Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
The George Institute for Global Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Haidian District, Beijing 100600, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 27;16(23):4092. doi: 10.3390/nu16234092.
Salt intake in China was high and a series of salt reduction measures were accordingly carried out recently. Our study aimed to assess the long-term effect of a scale-up community randomized controlled trial (RCT); Methods: Individuals between the ages of 18 and 75, from six provinces in China, were recruited and randomized into control ( = 1347) and intervention ( = 1346) groups. A one-year salt reduction intervention was first implemented in the intervention group, followed by a two-year scale-up intervention in both groups. The 24 h urine sample, anthropometric measurement, and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of salt reduction, as well as lifestyle information, were collected at baseline, after one-year RCT (mid-term evaluation, = 2456), and two-year scale-up intervention (terminal evaluation, = 2267); Results: Both control (351.82 mg/24 h, < 0.001) and intervention (192.84 mg/24 h, = 0.006) groups showed a decrease in 24 h urinary sodium excretion from baseline to terminal evaluation. Except for an increase in 24 h urinary potassium excretion (85.03 mg/24 h, = 0.004) and a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (2.95 mm Hg, < 0.001) in the intervention group at the mid-term assessment, no statistically significant differences in other indicators were found between two groups. The KAP of salt reduction in two groups was gradually improved; Conclusions: After one-year RCT and two-year scale-up, all participants showed a decreasing trend in 24 h urinary sodium excretion and an increase in salt reduction KAP. The community salt reduction intervention package has the potential for broader application across other regions in China.
中国的盐摄入量较高，因此最近实施了一系列减盐措施。我们的研究旨在评估一项扩大规模的社区随机对照试验（RCT）的长期效果；方法：招募了来自中国六个省份的18至75岁个体，并随机分为对照组（n = 1347）和干预组（n = 1346）。首先在干预组实施为期一年的减盐干预，然后在两组中进行为期两年的扩大干预。在基线、RCT一年后（中期评估，n = 2456）和两年扩大干预后（终期评估，n = 2267）收集24小时尿样、人体测量数据、减盐知识、态度和行为（KAP）以及生活方式信息；结果：从基线到终期评估，对照组（24小时尿钠排泄量为351.82毫克，P < 0.001）和干预组（24小时尿钠排泄量为192.84毫克，P = 0.006）的24小时尿钠排泄量均有所下降。除了在中期评估时干预组的24小时尿钾排泄量增加（85.03毫克，P = 0.004）和收缩压（SBP）下降（2.95毫米汞柱，P < 0.001）外，两组在其他指标上未发现统计学上的显著差异。两组的减盐KAP逐渐改善；结论：经过一年的RCT和两年的扩大干预，所有参与者的24小时尿钠排泄量均呈下降趋势，减盐KAP有所增加。社区减盐干预方案有在中国其他地区更广泛应用的潜力。
