Jakše Boštjan, Fras Zlatko, Godnov Uroš
Independent Researcher, 4280 Kranjska Gora, Slovenia.
Centre for Preventive Cardiology, Division of Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 28;16(23):4123. doi: 10.3390/nu16234123.
This research re-evaluates the prevalence of obesity in a cohort of 432 Slovenian adults two years after an initial population-based cross-sectional examination, utilizing the World Health Organization's body mass index (BMI) and total body fat percentage (FAT%) classifications. Herein, a medically approved electrical bioimpedance monitor was used to analyse body composition, and the results revealed a significant increase in the percentage of individuals classified as having overweight or obesity on the basis of BMI, from 40.7% initially to 45.2% at follow-up (FU); however, these percentages were notably higher in males than in females. The increases in body mass, BMI, fat mass, and FAT% were observed mainly in adult females, whereas in adult males, the increases in BM and BMI were attributed to fat-free mass (FFM) rather than fat mass. In this study, BMI was also compared with the FAT% obesity classification, and the BMI classification was shown to result in significantly fewer participants with obesity in both measures. However, the proportion of participants with obesity based on the two classifications did not differ substantially between the initial and FU measurements. In this study, mixed linear models were used to analyse overall trends and subgroup variations and highlight the importance of considering sex, age, and time of measurement when assessing body composition metrics. These findings emphasize the need for personalized health assessments and the importance of measuring body composition to evaluate adult obesity more accurately for both clinical assessments and public health policies. The state, in collaboration with social initiatives and industrial stakeholders, should prioritize these data and advance public health through innovative educational and awareness initiatives that are founded on robust scientific principles and that empower and promote the adoption of a healthy, active lifestyle.
本研究在最初基于人群的横断面检查两年后，利用世界卫生组织的体重指数（BMI）和全身脂肪百分比（FAT%）分类，对432名斯洛文尼亚成年人队列中的肥胖患病率进行了重新评估。在此，使用了医学认可的生物电阻抗监测仪来分析身体成分，结果显示，根据BMI分类，被归类为超重或肥胖的个体百分比从最初的40.7%显著增加到随访时的45.2%；然而，这些百分比在男性中明显高于女性。体重、BMI、脂肪量和FAT%的增加主要出现在成年女性中，而在成年男性中，体重和BMI的增加归因于去脂体重（FFM）而非脂肪量。在本研究中，还将BMI与FAT%肥胖分类进行了比较，结果表明，在这两种测量方法中，BMI分类导致肥胖参与者的数量显著减少。然而，基于这两种分类的肥胖参与者比例在初始测量和随访测量之间没有实质性差异。在本研究中，使用混合线性模型来分析总体趋势和亚组差异，并强调在评估身体成分指标时考虑性别、年龄和测量时间的重要性。这些发现强调了个性化健康评估的必要性，以及测量身体成分对于在临床评估和公共卫生政策中更准确地评估成人肥胖的重要性。国家应与社会倡议和行业利益相关者合作，优先处理这些数据，并通过基于坚实科学原则的创新教育和宣传倡议来推进公共卫生，这些倡议能够增强并促进健康、积极生活方式的采用。
