Reguero Marina, Reglero Guillermo, Quintela José Carlos, Ramos-Ruiz Ricardo, Ramírez de Molina Ana, Gómez de Cedrón Marta
Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, E28049 Madrid, Spain.
NATAC BIOTECH, Electronica 7, E28923 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 30;16(23):4166. doi: 10.3390/nu16234166.
Obesity and aging are associated with the progressive loss of brown adipose tissue (BAT), an increase in visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT), and a reduction in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). The progressive expansion of visceral obesity promotes a low grade of systemic chronic inflammation (meta-inflammation), contributing to the onset of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome, and even cancer. Thus, preserving the thermogenic activity of adipose tissue and improving the metabolic flexibility of sWAT could be an effective strategy to prevent the development of metabolic chronic diseases and promote healthy aging. Precision nutrition has emerged as a complementary approach to control the metabolic alterations associated with unhealthy obesity and aging. In a previous work, we described that a silymarin-enriched extract from milk thistle (Mthistle) increased markers of browning and thermogenesis in vitro in human differentiated adipocytes (SGBS).
OBJECTIVES/METHODS: Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the potential of Mthistle to activate thermogenesis in a preclinical model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity (DIO).
Our results demonstrate that Mthistle increases systemic energy expenditure (EE), preserves body temperature after cold exposure, improves insulin resistance, and reduces inflammatory markers in WAT.
Based on these results, silymarin-enriched extract from Mthistle may be proposed as a nutraceutical for the management of metabolic chronic diseases and/or accelerated aging.
肥胖和衰老与棕色脂肪组织（BAT）的逐渐丧失、内脏白色脂肪组织（vWAT）的增加以及皮下白色脂肪组织（sWAT）的减少有关。内脏肥胖的逐渐加剧会引发低度全身性慢性炎症（代谢性炎症），促使2型糖尿病（T2DM）、代谢综合征甚至癌症等合并症的发生。因此，保持脂肪组织的产热活性并提高sWAT的代谢灵活性可能是预防代谢性慢性疾病发展和促进健康衰老的有效策略。精准营养已成为一种辅助方法，用于控制与不健康肥胖和衰老相关的代谢改变。在之前的一项研究中，我们描述了水飞蓟中富含水飞蓟素的提取物（水飞蓟）在体外可增加人分化脂肪细胞（SGBS）中褐变和产热的标志物。
目的/方法：因此，本研究旨在评估水飞蓟在高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的肥胖（DIO）临床前模型中激活产热的潜力。
我们的结果表明，水飞蓟可增加全身能量消耗（EE），在冷暴露后维持体温，改善胰岛素抵抗，并降低白色脂肪组织中的炎症标志物。
基于这些结果，水飞蓟中富含水飞蓟素的提取物可被提议作为一种营养保健品，用于管理代谢性慢性疾病和/或加速衰老。
