Valero-Hernandez Ester, Tremoleda Jordi L, Michael-Titus Adina T
Centre for Neuroscience, Surgery and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 30;16(23):4175. doi: 10.3390/nu16234175.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to substantial disability and health loss. Despite its importance and impact worldwide, no treatment options are currently available to help protect or preserve brain structure and function following injury. In this review, we discuss the potential benefits of using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (O3 PUFAs) as therapeutic agents in the context of TBI in the paediatric and adult populations. Preclinical and clinical research reports investigating the effects of O3 PUFA-based interventions on the consequences of TBI were retrieved and reviewed, and the evidence presented and discussed. A range of animal models of TBI, types of injury, and O3 PUFA dosing regimens and administration protocols have been used in different strategies to investigate the effects of O3 PUFAs in TBI. Most evidence comes from preclinical studies, with limited clinical data available thus far. Overall, research indicates that high O3 PUFA levels help lessen the harmful effects of TBI by reducing tissue damage and cell loss, decreasing associated neuroinflammation and the immune response, which in turn moderates the severity of the associated neurological dysfunction. Data from the studies reviewed here indicate that O3 PUFAs could substantially alleviate the impact of traumatic injuries in the central nervous system, protect structure and help restore function in both the immature and adult brains.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）可导致严重残疾和健康损失。尽管其在全球范围内具有重要性和影响力，但目前尚无治疗方法可帮助在损伤后保护或维持脑结构和功能。在本综述中，我们讨论了在儿科和成人TBI背景下使用ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（O3 PUFAs）作为治疗药物的潜在益处。检索并综述了研究基于O3 PUFA的干预措施对TBI后果影响的临床前和临床研究报告，并对证据进行了展示和讨论。在不同策略中使用了一系列TBI动物模型、损伤类型以及O3 PUFA给药方案和给药规程来研究O3 PUFAs在TBI中的作用。大多数证据来自临床前研究，目前临床数据有限。总体而言，研究表明高O3 PUFA水平有助于减轻TBI的有害影响，通过减少组织损伤和细胞损失、降低相关神经炎症和免疫反应，进而减轻相关神经功能障碍的严重程度。此处综述的研究数据表明，O3 PUFAs可显著减轻中枢神经系统创伤性损伤的影响，保护结构并有助于恢复未成熟和成年大脑的功能。
