Sakamoto Takamitsu, Miyata Hiroyo, Tsunou Ayako, Hokotachi Yoko, Sasaki Satoshi, Amagai Teruyoshi
Department of General Medicine, Fukuoka Tokushukai General Hospital, Fukuoka 816-0864, Japan.
The Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 3;16(23):4185. doi: 10.3390/nu16234185.
On 1 January 2024, a 7.6 magnitude earthquake struck the Noto Peninsula. We entered the disaster area to provide relief and set up a makeshift clinic in an evacuation center to evaluate the quality and quantity of food provided there.
This cross-sectional study, of mainly older adults, was conducted to analyze the amino acid and fatty acid composition of evacuation shelter meals in comparison with the results of the Japan National Survey, mainly focused on older adults. (1) We analyzed 11 evacuation foods using the "Duplicated Combination" Model and the digestible amino acid score (DIAAS) in relation to the half-life determined by the N-terminal amino acid proteins. (2) Linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) levels were compared with European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendations (3). The national survey of emergency food stocks in 198 hospitals and 189 social care institutions conducted in Jan 2024 was analyzed.
(1) DIAAS was less than 1.00 for all 11 foods provided and was considered inadequate, (2) the half-life of the protein, whose -terminal valine has a half-life of 100 h, must be considered a possible deficiency when living in a shelter for more than a week, (3) LA and ALA levels were less than 40% of EFSA recommended, (4) the nationwide survey found that 80% of people have a three-day supply and data on amino acids and fatty acids were not available due to a lack of questionnaires.
Analysis of food in evacuation shelters after the Noto Peninsula earthquake revealed the quality of amino acids involved in shelter meals using DIAAS and the lack of LA and ALA for older adults. The "Duplicated Combination" model used in this analysis could be beneficial for developing improved nutrition plans in similar future scenarios, mainly for older adults.
2024年1月1日，能登半岛发生了7.6级地震。我们进入灾区提供救援，并在一个疏散中心设立了临时诊所，以评估该中心提供的食物的质量和数量。
本横断面研究主要针对老年人，旨在将疏散避难所膳食的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成与日本全国调查结果进行比较，该调查主要关注老年人。（1）我们使用“重复组合”模型和可消化氨基酸评分（DIAAS）分析了11种疏散食物，该评分与N端氨基酸蛋白质确定的半衰期相关。（2）将亚油酸（LA）和α-亚麻酸（ALA）水平与欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）的建议进行了比较（3）。对2024年1月在198家医院和189家社会护理机构进行的全国应急食品储备调查进行了分析。
（1）所提供的所有11种食物的DIAAS均小于1.00，被认为不足；（2）当在避难所居住超过一周时，其末端缬氨酸半衰期为100小时的蛋白质的半衰期必须被视为可能存在缺乏；（3）LA和ALA水平低于EFSA建议值的40%；（4）全国性调查发现，80%的人有三天的食物供应，由于缺乏调查问卷，没有氨基酸和脂肪酸的数据。
能登半岛地震后对疏散避难所食物的分析揭示了使用DIAAS评估的避难所膳食中氨基酸的质量以及老年人缺乏LA和ALA的情况。本分析中使用的“重复组合”模型可能有助于为未来类似情况下制定改进的营养计划，主要针对老年人。
