Kajszczak Dominika, Sosnowska Dorota, Frąszczak Barbara, Podsędek Anna
Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Łódź, Poland.
Department of Vegetable Crops, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznań, Poland.
Molecules. 2024 Dec 1;29(23):5689. doi: 10.3390/molecules29235689.
Limiting and/or slowing down the starch digestion process and consequently the release of glucose can be an important strategy for the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the current in vitro study was to assess the anti-diabetic and antioxidant potential of red radish leaves of the Carmen, Jutrzenka, Saxa, and Warta cultivars. In the context of anti-diabetic activity, the effect of leaves on potato starch digestion and free glucose binding, as well as inhibitory effects of leaf extracts against α-amylase and α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation (AGEs) were determined. The basic chemical composition, quantitative composition of phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of leaves were also estimated. This study showed that all radish leaves inhibited the breakdown of potato starch and showed their ability to bind glucose. This activity was correlated with the content of hydroxycinnamic acids, protein and dietary fiber while flavones was probably responsible for glucose binding. Leaf extracts inhibited α-glucosidase activity and formation of AGEs but were practically inactive towards α-amylase. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity was related to the content of proanthocyanidins and inhibition of AGEs formation to flavonols. These results point to radish leaves, especially the Warta and Jutrzenka cultivars, as a potential natural remedy for treating T2D.
限制和/或减缓淀粉消化过程以及随之而来的葡萄糖释放，可能是预防2型糖尿病（T2D）的一项重要策略。当前这项体外研究的目的是评估卡门、尤特尔曾卡、萨克萨和瓦尔塔品种红萝卜叶的抗糖尿病和抗氧化潜力。在抗糖尿病活性方面，测定了叶子对马铃薯淀粉消化和游离葡萄糖结合的影响，以及叶提取物对α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶和非酶糖基化（晚期糖基化终末产物，AGEs）的抑制作用。还评估了叶子的基本化学成分、酚类化合物的定量组成和抗氧化活性。这项研究表明，所有萝卜叶均抑制马铃薯淀粉的分解，并显示出它们结合葡萄糖的能力。这种活性与羟基肉桂酸、蛋白质和膳食纤维的含量相关，而黄酮类化合物可能负责葡萄糖的结合。叶提取物抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性和AGEs的形成，但对α-淀粉酶几乎没有活性。α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制与原花青素的含量有关，而AGEs形成的抑制与黄酮醇有关。这些结果表明，萝卜叶，尤其是瓦尔塔和尤特尔曾卡品种，可能是治疗T2D的潜在天然药物。
