Pertile Eva, Dvorský Tomáš, Václavík Vojtěch, Šimáčková Bohdana, Balcařík Lukáš
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Molecules. 2024 Dec 4;29(23):5727. doi: 10.3390/molecules29235727.
This study provides a cost-effective method for using bottom ash from biomass combustion, which would otherwise constitute waste, to remove cadmium from acidic industrial wastewater. The X-ray powder diffraction method was used to identify the crystal forms, i.e., the arrangement of atoms in the crystal lattice, and to determine the composition of bottom ash, and the X-ray fluorescence method was used to obtain information on the elemental composition of bottom ash. The Fourier Transform Infrared method was used to analyse and identify the different functional groups occurring in bottom ash. Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray was used to obtain detailed information on the bottom ash surface. The effect of various factors on Cd removal was studied, and optimal experimental conditions were found. The kinetic and thermodynamic equations showed that the removal of Cd using bottom ash from biomass combustion was a single-layer chemical adsorption meeting the requirements of pseudo-second-order kinetics. The limiting parameter for the effective adsorption of Cd using bottom ash from biomass combustion is its alkaline nature. It can only be used for solutions with pH < 2, which, on the other hand, is its advantage in practical application, namely, in the final treatment of acidic industrial wastewater.
本研究提供了一种具有成本效益的方法，可利用生物质燃烧产生的底灰（否则将构成废物）从酸性工业废水中去除镉。采用X射线粉末衍射法来识别晶体形式，即晶格中原子的排列方式，并确定底灰的组成，同时采用X射线荧光法来获取底灰元素组成的信息。利用傅里叶变换红外法分析和识别底灰中存在的不同官能团。使用带有能量色散X射线的扫描电子显微镜来获取底灰表面的详细信息。研究了各种因素对镉去除效果的影响，并找到了最佳实验条件。动力学和热力学方程表明，利用生物质燃烧底灰去除镉是一种符合准二级动力学要求的单层化学吸附。利用生物质燃烧底灰有效吸附镉的限制参数是其碱性性质。它仅适用于pH < 2的溶液，而这在实际应用中，也就是在酸性工业废水的最终处理中，是其优势所在。
