Eco-Friendly Castor Oil-Based Composite with High Clam Shell Powder Content.

Eco-friendly castor oil-based composites with a high content of clam shell powder were prepared in this study. Biomass composites were prepared by blending castor-oil-based polyurethane prepolymer (COPU) with a filler consisting of high-content clam shell powder (CSP), named CSP-COPU. The structure, microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the composites were investigated. The results showed that even at a loading as high as 75 wt.% of the CSP filler, the composite still exhibited good tensile strength and elongation at break. Furthermore, compared with the CSP-COPU composites, TCOS-50 synthesized through blending OH-terminated castor oil-based polyurethane prepolymer (TCOPU) and CSP filler proved that the chemical bond between COPU containing terminal -NCO groups and CSP containing active -OH groups was the key reason to obtaining the composite material with desirable properties. These findings provide prospects for applying biomass-loaded CSP-COPU composites in the packaging industry while contributing to carbon peak achievement and carbon neutrality.