Hu Lijun, Han Hongwei, Mao Xuanzhi, Feng Xinxin, He Yulong, Hu Jiangtao, Wu Guozhong
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 2019 Jia-Luo Road, Jia-Ding District, Shanghai 201800, China.
College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Nov 27;16(23):3310. doi: 10.3390/polym16233310.
The most promising material for uranium extraction from saltwater is generally acknowledged to be fibrous adsorbents. An irradiation-modified anti-biofouling ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE--PGAO) fibrous adsorbent with a hyperbranched structure was synthesized. It exhibited adsorption capacities of 314.8 mg-U/g-Ads in aqueous solution and 4.04 mg-U/g-Ads in simulated seawater over a 28-day period. The ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber was functionalized by covalently linking hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (h-PEI) to facilitate the migration of uranyl ions within the fibers. Additionally, amidoxime and quaternary ammonium groups were immobilized on the fiber surface to enhance uranium affinity and provide defense against marine organisms. This three-dimensional design of amidoxime and h-PEI-modified UHMWPE fiber retained more than 91.0% of its maximum adsorption capacity after undergoing five adsorption-desorption cycles. The UHMWPE--PGAO adsorbent exhibits significant antibacterial activity against and , achieving an inactivation efficiency of over 99.9%. It is proved to be an innovative fiber adsorbent for uranium extraction from seawater for its biofouling resistance, robustness, and reusability.
从海水中提取铀最有前景的材料通常被认为是纤维吸附剂。合成了一种具有超支化结构的辐照改性抗生物污损超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE - PGAO）纤维吸附剂。在28天的时间里，它在水溶液中的吸附容量为314.8 mg - U/g - Ads，在模拟海水中的吸附容量为4.04 mg - U/g - Ads。通过将超支化聚乙烯亚胺（h - PEI）共价连接使超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）纤维功能化，以促进铀酰离子在纤维内的迁移。此外，偕胺肟和季铵基团固定在纤维表面，以增强对铀的亲和力并抵御海洋生物。这种偕胺肟和h - PEI改性的UHMWPE纤维的三维设计在经历五次吸附 - 解吸循环后仍保留了其最大吸附容量的91.0%以上。UHMWPE - PGAO吸附剂对[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]表现出显著的抗菌活性，灭活效率超过99.9%。因其抗生物污损性、坚固性和可重复使用性，它被证明是一种用于从海水中提取铀的创新型纤维吸附剂。
