Zanelli Marco, Ronconi Giulia, Pritoni Nicola, D'Iorio Andrea, Bertoldo Monica, Mazzanti Valentina, Mollica Francesco
Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy.
Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Nov 30;16(23):3377. doi: 10.3390/polym16233377.
Usage of continuous fibers as a reinforcement would definitely increase the mechanical properties of 3D-printed materials. The result is a continuous fiber-reinforced composite obtained by additive manufacturing that is not limited to prototyping or non-structural applications. Among the available continuous reinforcing fibers, basalt has not been extensively studied in 3D printing. This material is attractive due to its natural origin, good mechanical properties, impact strength, and high chemical and thermal resistance. In this work, a continuous basalt fiber co-extruded composite obtained by fused filament fabrication was characterized both thermally and mechanically, concerning the in-plane tensile properties. The degree of anisotropy of the material was also assessed, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The 3D-printed composite showed longitudinal properties, which were 15 times higher than the pure matrix, thus meeting structural requirements. On the other hand, transverse and shear properties were much lower than longitudinal ones, thus leading to a strongly anisotropic material. This was also confirmed by the anisotropy evaluation that was performed numerically and graphically using an innovative approach. This behavior affects the design of 3D-printed parts; thus, an optimized continuous fiber deposition is necessary for structural applications.
使用连续纤维作为增强材料肯定会提高3D打印材料的机械性能。其结果是通过增材制造获得的连续纤维增强复合材料，该材料不仅限于原型制作或非结构应用。在现有的连续增强纤维中，玄武岩在3D打印方面尚未得到广泛研究。这种材料因其天然来源、良好的机械性能、冲击强度以及高化学和热抗性而具有吸引力。在这项工作中，对通过熔丝制造获得的连续玄武岩纤维共挤出复合材料进行了热学和力学表征，涉及面内拉伸性能。还对材料的各向异性程度进行了定性和定量评估。3D打印复合材料的纵向性能比纯基体高15倍，从而满足结构要求。另一方面，横向和剪切性能远低于纵向性能，从而导致材料具有很强的各向异性。这也通过使用创新方法进行的数值和图形各向异性评估得到了证实。这种行为影响3D打印零件的设计；因此，对于结构应用而言，优化连续纤维沉积是必要的。
