Wang Yiding, Li Guangyan, Ma Jiaying, Su Haoran, Hu Wenfei, Lin Junjiang, Fu Weimeng, Zeng Yvxiang, Tao Longxing, Fu Guanfu, Xiong Jie, Chen Tingting
College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, 359 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310006, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 27;25(23):12751. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312751.
With the progress of society and the improvement of agricultural scientific technology, the single focus on high yield for rice production has gradually shifted to high quality. Coordinated development of grain yield and rice quality has become a core issue for researchers, and the underlying mechanisms remain to be solved. Two varieties, Zhongzheyou1 (ZZY1) and Zhongzheyou8 (ZZY8), were used as study materials under field conditions. The yield of ZZY1 was higher than that of ZZY8, which was mainly characterized by a higher seed-setting rate and grain weight. The rice quality of ZZY8 was better than that of ZZY1, primarily due to lower chalkiness and a higher head rice rate. The total dry matter weight of ZZY1 was lower than that of ZZY8, but the proportion of panicle dry matter weight or nonstructural carbohydrate to the total in the former was higher than that of the latter. The maximum grain-filling rate, average grain-filling rate, and key enzyme activities of ZZY1 were significantly higher than those of ZZY8, while the active grain-filling period was shorter than that of ZZY8. Furthermore, the ATP/ATPase content and energy charge values in the grains of ZZY1 were higher than those of ZZY8 at the early grain-filling stage. Transcriptome analysis showed that carbohydrate and energy metabolism were the main ways affecting the yield and quality of the two varieties. The energy production of ZZY1 was insufficient to simultaneously supply the needs thus leading to the discordant formation in its grain yield and rice quality formation.
随着社会的进步和农业科学技术的提高，水稻生产中单一对高产的关注已逐渐转向高品质。粮食产量与稻米品质的协调发展已成为研究人员的核心问题，其潜在机制仍有待解决。在田间条件下，选用中浙优1号（ZZY1）和中浙优8号（ZZY8）两个品种作为研究材料。ZZY1的产量高于ZZY8，主要表现为结实率和粒重较高。ZZY8的稻米品质优于ZZY1，主要是由于垩白度较低和整精米率较高。ZZY1的总干物质重量低于ZZY8，但前者穗干物质重量或非结构性碳水化合物占总量的比例高于后者。ZZY1的最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率和关键酶活性显著高于ZZY8，而活跃灌浆期短于ZZY8。此外，在灌浆初期，ZZY1籽粒中的ATP/ATPase含量和能荷值高于ZZY8。转录组分析表明，碳水化合物和能量代谢是影响两个品种产量和品质的主要途径。ZZY1的能量生产不足以同时满足需求，从而导致其籽粒产量和稻米品质形成不协调。
