Foja Sabine, Heinzelmann Joana, Hünniger Susanne, Viestenz Anja, Rüger Christiane, Viestenz Arne
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 5;25(23):13074. doi: 10.3390/ijms252313074.
Local anesthetics are commonly used in ophthalmic surgery. However, their use can affect the healing process. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of anesthetic substances at clinically relevant concentrations and incubation times (3 min), specifically oxybuprocaine (OBPC, 0.4%), lidocaine (LIDO, 2%), and bupivacaine (BUPI, 0.5%), either alone or supplemented with hylase (HYLA, 30 I.E.), on corneal epithelium structure, cell viability, and wound healing. To assess the potential cytotoxicity of these anesthetic substances, viability and colony-forming efficiency (CFE) assays were conducted using the human telomerase-immortalized corneal epithelial (hTCEpi) cell line. Additionally, the toxicity of these substances was evaluated using a 3D human tissue-specific corneal epithelial construct as well as a porcine corneal culture model. The results indicate that OBPC (Novesine 0.4%) exhibited significant cytotoxicity in 2D and 3D corneal epithelial cell culture models and delayed wound healing in the ex vivo porcine corneal organ culture model. In contrast, LIDO, BUPI, and HYLA were less cytotoxic to corneal cells, with no observed impact on wound healing in the porcine corneal organ culture model. In summary, local anesthetics commonly used in eye surgery are generally considered safe. However, the application of OBPC (Novesine 0.4%) may delay wound healing.
局部麻醉剂常用于眼科手术。然而，其使用可能会影响愈合过程。本研究旨在调查临床相关浓度和孵育时间（3分钟）下麻醉物质的潜在影响，具体为奥布卡因（OBPC，0.4%）、利多卡因（LIDO，2%）和布比卡因（BUPI，0.5%），单独使用或补充透明质酸酶（HYLA，30国际单位），对角膜上皮结构、细胞活力和伤口愈合的影响。为评估这些麻醉物质的潜在细胞毒性，使用人端粒酶永生化角膜上皮（hTCEpi）细胞系进行了活力和集落形成效率（CFE）测定。此外，还使用3D人组织特异性角膜上皮构建体以及猪角膜培养模型评估了这些物质的毒性。结果表明，OBPC（诺维辛0.4%）在二维和三维角膜上皮细胞培养模型中表现出显著的细胞毒性，并在离体猪角膜器官培养模型中延迟了伤口愈合。相比之下，利多卡因、布比卡因和透明质酸酶对角膜细胞的细胞毒性较小，在猪角膜器官培养模型中未观察到对伤口愈合的影响。总之，眼科手术中常用的局部麻醉剂通常被认为是安全的。然而，应用OBPC（诺维辛0.4%）可能会延迟伤口愈合。
