Bauer Susanne H, Abele Harald, Graf Joachim
Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery Science, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
Department of Women's Health, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Dec 2;12(23):2418. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12232418.
Although breastfeeding is associated with many health-related benefits for both mothers and children, the WHO recommendation for exclusive breastfeeding is not achieved by the majority in any WHO region. This paper aims to present the current state of research on challenges and choices in breastfeeding healthy, sick and preterm babies. The research was organized as a systematic search in PubMed and the study was performed as a narrative review after applying the PRISMA protocol. Finally, = 57 studies were included. Both barriers and support factors emerge as a complex interaction of individual, group and societal factors, the precise understanding of which is relevant to increasing breastfeeding rates in the future. Knowledge as well as practical skills proved to be generally helpful, whereas the lack of breastfeeding support for mothers, who are often separated from their premature babies in hospital, was identified as a key risk factor for this subgroup. Appropriate training for healthcare professionals can improve the situation as a result. After discharge, workplace-related barriers are of major concern to allow further breastfeeding when maternity leave ends. Thus, the promotion of breastfeeding must be perceived as a task for society as a whole.
尽管母乳喂养对母亲和孩子都有许多与健康相关的益处，但世界卫生组织（WHO）任何一个区域的大多数人都未达到WHO关于纯母乳喂养的建议。本文旨在介绍关于健康、患病和早产婴儿母乳喂养方面的挑战与选择的当前研究状况。该研究是在PubMed上进行的系统检索，并在应用PRISMA协议后作为叙述性综述开展。最终，纳入了57项研究。障碍因素和支持因素呈现为个体、群体和社会因素的复杂相互作用，准确理解这些因素对于未来提高母乳喂养率至关重要。知识和实践技能总体上被证明是有帮助的，而对于那些在医院经常与早产婴儿分离的母亲缺乏母乳喂养支持，被确定为该亚组的一个关键风险因素。为此，对医护人员进行适当培训可以改善这种状况。出院后，产假结束时与工作场所相关的障碍是能否继续母乳喂养的主要关切问题。因此，促进母乳喂养必须被视为整个社会的一项任务。
