Aldinger Joana Kathleen, Abele Harald, Kranz Angela
Section of Midwifery Science, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Department for Womens Health, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Dec 3;12(23):2431. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12232431.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Prenatal psychology studies show that stress, depression, and psychological stress during pregnancy can have a significant impact on maternal and fetal health and are highly prevalent. The aim of the study was to compare maternal and neonatal short-term outcomes in pregnant women* (the asterisk () is used at the appropriate places in this text to indicate that all genders are included) with a history of prenatal maternal psychological stress (PMPS) with those of pregnant women not exposed to PMPS to determine differences and identify risk factors.
Statistical tests for differences and relative risks between the groups were carried out with the perinatal data of University Hospital Tübingen from 2022 using IBM SPSS.
The study shows that PMPS has significant negative effects on various parameters, including the rate of premature births, preeclampsia, induction of birth, birth duration, and fetal asphyxia, as well as the birth weight of the children and their Apgar values (an assessment of newborn health scored shortly after birth). In addition, the risk of PMPS increases in women* with stillbirths and two or more previous miscarriages. However, the practical relevance must be critically scrutinized and confirmed by bigger studies.
PMPS has a significant impact on the maternal and neonatal birth outcomes and must be identified as a risk factor in pregnancy. There is still a need for further research with larger samples, more balanced groups, and multivariate regression models to generate detailed, more transferable results and a deeper insight into the significant effects of PMPS and the role midwives can play in helping it.
背景/目的：产前心理学研究表明，孕期的压力、抑郁和心理应激会对母婴健康产生重大影响，且十分普遍。本研究的目的是比较有产前母亲心理应激（PMPS）史的孕妇*（本文在适当位置使用星号（）表示纳入所有性别）与未暴露于PMPS的孕妇的母婴短期结局，以确定差异并识别风险因素。
使用IBM SPSS对图宾根大学医院2022年的围产期数据进行组间差异和相对风险的统计检验。
研究表明，PMPS对各种参数有显著负面影响，包括早产率、先兆子痫、引产、分娩时长和胎儿窒息，以及儿童出生体重及其阿氏评分（出生后不久对新生儿健康状况的评估）。此外，有死产史和两次或更多次既往流产史的女性*发生PMPS的风险增加。然而，其实际相关性必须经过严格审查，并通过更大规模的研究加以证实。
PMPS对母婴出生结局有重大影响，必须将其确定为孕期的一个风险因素。仍需进行进一步研究，采用更大样本、更均衡的组和多变量回归模型，以得出详细、更具可转移性的结果，并更深入地了解PMPS的显著影响以及助产士在应对PMPS中可发挥的作用。
