Cho Yun-Hee, Kim Tae-Im
Department of Nursing, Jeonbuk Science College, Jeongeup 56204, Republic of Korea.
Department of Nursing, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, Republic of Korea.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Dec 5;12(23):2460. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12232460.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) affects both males and females, but in South Korea, vaccination rates for boys are significantly lower due to cultural stigma and limited awareness. Effective strategies are needed to close this gap.
This study evaluated a 6-week smartphone-based HPV prevention program for mothers of school-aged boys, designed using the extended theory of planned behavior (E-TPB). The program aimed to enhance knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy, with the goal of increasing vaccination intention and uptake. The E-TPB incorporated knowledge as a key element to improve behavioral intention and vaccination uptake. A nonequivalent control group pre-test-post-test design included 54 mothers (28 in the experimental group and 26 in the control group).
The experimental group showed significant improvements in HPV knowledge ( < 0.001; d = 1.41), HPV vaccine knowledge ( < 0.001; d = 1.13), attitudes ( < 0.001; r = 0.48), subjective norms ( = 0.014; d = 0.61), self-efficacy ( < 0.001; r = 0.53), and vaccination intention ( < 0.001; r = 0.58). The experimental group achieved a vaccination uptake rate of 25.0%, compared to 4.0% in the control group, representing a six-fold increase (RR = 6.25; = 0.033; h = 0.64).
The program effectively addressed key factors influencing vaccination behavior, leading to significant increases in HPV vaccination rates among boys. Smartphone-based education shows promise in reducing gender disparities in vaccination uptake, though further studies with larger samples are needed to validate these findings.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）对男性和女性均有影响，但在韩国，由于文化偏见和认知有限，男孩的疫苗接种率显著较低。需要有效的策略来缩小这一差距。
本研究评估了一项为期6周的针对学龄男孩母亲的基于智能手机的HPV预防项目，该项目采用扩展计划行为理论（E-TPB）设计。该项目旨在提高知识、态度、主观规范和自我效能，以增加疫苗接种意愿和接种率。E-TPB将知识作为改善行为意图和疫苗接种率的关键要素。一项非等效对照组前后测设计纳入了54名母亲（实验组28名，对照组26名）。
实验组在HPV知识（<0.001；d = 1.41）、HPV疫苗知识（<0.001；d = 1.13）、态度（<0.001；r = 0.48）、主观规范（= 0.014；d = 0.61）、自我效能（<0.001；r = 0.53）和疫苗接种意愿（<0.001；r = 0.58）方面均有显著改善。实验组的疫苗接种率达到25.0%，而对照组为4.0%，增长了六倍（RR = 6.25；= 0.033；h = 0.64）。
该项目有效解决了影响疫苗接种行为的关键因素，导致男孩的HPV疫苗接种率显著提高。基于智能手机的教育在减少疫苗接种率方面的性别差异方面显示出前景，不过需要更大样本的进一步研究来验证这些发现。
