Wang Yiou, Zhu Xinghan, Zhou Jinliang, Yang Jinzhong, Tian Lu, Yang Yufei
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Benchmarks and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Nov 25;17(23):5774. doi: 10.3390/ma17235774.
Aluminum is one of the most in-demand nonferrous metals in the world. The secondary aluminum dross (SAD) produced during aluminum smelting is a type of solid waste that urgently requires disposal. SAD, municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and bottom slag were used as raw materials to prepare porous ceramsite in a laboratory in this study. Multi-factor design experiments were then used to explore the influence of the sintering condition on the compressive strength to provide a basis for ceramsite preparation using SAD. The results showed that, within a certain variation range, the levels of each factor showed overall positive correlations with the ceramsite compressive strength. The contributions of the ceramsite particle size, the silicon-aluminum ratio (Si/Al), the sintering temperature, and the sintering time to the compressive strength of the porous ceramsite then decreased. The factors had a synergistic effect. The interactive effect of multiple factors on the porous ceramsite compressive strength rose with an increase in the particle size and Si/Al ratio. The average compressive strength of the porous ceramsite prepared in this study was 4.06 ± 3.71 MPa, and the maximum compressive strength was 14.13 MPa. The highest ceramsite compressive strength was achieved under a sintering temperature of 1270 °C, a particle size of 2 cm, a sintering time of 30 min, and a silicon-aluminum ratio of 1.5. In addition, there was a reaction relationship between the multiple factors involved in the sintering of the SAD-based porous ceramsite. Pilot or industrial tests should be conducted in the future based on these experiments and the intended ceramsite use.
铝是世界上需求最大的有色金属之一。铝冶炼过程中产生的二次铝灰（SAD）是一种急需处置的固体废物。本研究在实验室中以SAD、城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰和底渣为原料制备多孔陶粒。然后采用多因素设计实验探讨烧结条件对抗压强度的影响，为利用SAD制备陶粒提供依据。结果表明，在一定变化范围内，各因素水平与陶粒抗压强度总体呈正相关。陶粒粒径、硅铝比（Si/Al）、烧结温度和烧结时间对多孔陶粒抗压强度的贡献依次减小。各因素具有协同效应。多因素对多孔陶粒抗压强度的交互作用随粒径和Si/Al比的增加而增强。本研究制备的多孔陶粒平均抗压强度为4.06±3.71MPa，最大抗压强度为14.13MPa。在烧结温度为1270℃、粒径为2cm、烧结时间为30min、硅铝比为1.5的条件下，陶粒抗压强度最高。此外，基于SAD的多孔陶粒烧结过程中涉及的多个因素之间存在反应关系。未来应根据这些实验和预期的陶粒用途进行中试或工业试验。
