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空间引力波天文台的核心载荷：惯性传感器及其关键技术

Core Payload of the Space Gravitational Wave Observatory: Inertial Sensor and Its Critical Technologies.

作者信息

Wang Shaoxin, Liu Dongxu, Zhan Xuan, Dong Peng, Shen Jia, Wang Juan, Gao Ruihong, Guo Weichuan, Xu Peng, Qi Keqi, Luo Ziren

机构信息

Center for Gravitational Wave Experiment, National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2024 Nov 30;24(23):7685. doi: 10.3390/s24237685.

DOI:10.3390/s24237685
PMID:39686224
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11644921/
Abstract

Since Einstein's prediction regarding the existence of gravitational waves was directly verified by the ground-based detector Advanced LIGO, research on gravitational wave detection has garnered increasing attention. To overcome limitations imposed by ground vibrations and interference at arm's length, a space-based gravitational wave detection initiative was proposed, which focuses on analyzing a large number of waves within the frequency range below 1 Hz. Due to the weak signal intensity, the TMs must move along their geodesic orbit with a residual acceleration less than 10 m/s/Hz. Consequently, the core payload-inertial sensor was designed to shield against stray force noise while maintaining the high-precision motion of the test mass through a drag-free control system, providing an ultra-stable inertial reference for laser interferometry. To meet these requirements, the inertial sensor integrates a series of unit settings and innovative designs, involving numerous subsystems and technologies. This article provides a comprehensive overview of these critical technologies used in the development of inertial sensors for space gravitational wave detection and discusses future trends and potential applications for these sensors.

摘要

自从爱因斯坦关于引力波存在的预测被地面探测器高级激光干涉引力波天文台（Advanced LIGO）直接验证以来，引力波探测研究受到了越来越多的关注。为了克服地面振动和臂长干扰带来的限制，提出了一项基于太空的引力波探测计划，该计划专注于分析频率低于1赫兹范围内的大量波。由于信号强度较弱，测试质量（TM）必须沿着其测地线轨道移动，剩余加速度小于10米/秒/赫兹。因此，核心有效载荷惯性传感器旨在屏蔽杂散力噪声，同时通过无拖曳控制系统保持测试质量的高精度运动，为激光干涉测量提供超稳定的惯性参考。为满足这些要求，惯性传感器集成了一系列单元设置和创新设计，涉及众多子系统和技术。本文全面概述了用于太空引力波探测的惯性传感器开发中使用的这些关键技术，并讨论了这些传感器的未来趋势和潜在应用。

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