Jee Yongho, Shin Sang Yop, Ryu Mikyung, Samet Jonathan M
Advanced Biomedical Research Institute, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Korea Medical Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Tob Induc Dis. 2024 Dec 16;22. doi: 10.18332/tid/194490. eCollection 2024.
Evidence concerning the health effects of using heated tobacco products is needed. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of conventional cigarettes (CCs), electronic vaping cigarettes (EVCs), and heated tobacco products (HTPs) on the development of metabolic syndrome.
We conducted a cohort study in South Korea using data from the Korea Medical Institute. The study included 183870 people who visited the Korea Medical Institute, responded to a smoking status questionnaire in 2019, and were followed up in 2020 - ever and current use of CCs, EVCs, and HTPs. We defined the main outcome as incident metabolic syndrome among participants with at least two health checkups separated by a follow-up period of at least a year.
The association of using HTPs with risk for metabolic syndrome was estimated after controlling for age, sex, exercise, drinking history, and smoking regular cigarettes and using EVCs, with the Cox proportional hazards model. The risk of incident metabolic syndrome was increased by 68% (HR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.25-2.26) for current HTP users compared to never users. Among HTP users who did not currently smoke conventional cigarettes, the risk was doubled (HR=2.17; 95% CI: 1.31-3.62) when their smoking duration was ≥3 years. The risk of metabolic syndrome increased by 33% (HR=1.33; CI: 1.18-1.49) among HTP users who used them more than 16 times a day. The use of HTP was found to increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome, with a particularly elevated risk observed among those who used HTPs for more than three years. The risk was higher than that observed in conventional cigarette users.
Our findings indicate that HTP use poses comparable risks in relation to metabolic syndrome development.
需要有关使用加热烟草制品对健康影响的证据。本研究的目的是调查传统卷烟（CCs）、电子电子烟（EVCs）和加热烟草制品（HTPs）对代谢综合征发展的影响。
我们利用韩国医学研究所的数据在韩国进行了一项队列研究。该研究纳入了183870名访问过韩国医学研究所、在2019年回答了吸烟状况问卷并于2020年接受随访的人——曾经和目前使用CCs、EVCs和HTPs的情况。我们将主要结局定义为在至少有两次间隔至少一年随访期的健康检查的参与者中发生代谢综合征。
在控制了年龄、性别、运动、饮酒史以及吸食传统卷烟和使用EVCs的情况后，使用Cox比例风险模型估计了使用HTPs与代谢综合征风险之间的关联。与从不使用HTPs的人相比，目前使用HTPs的人发生代谢综合征的风险增加了68%（风险比[HR]=1.68；95%置信区间[CI]：1.25 - 2.26）。在目前不吸食传统卷烟的HTP使用者中，当他们的吸烟时长≥3年时，风险增加了一倍（HR=2.17；95% CI：1.31 - 3.62）。每天使用HTPs超过16次的HTP使用者中，代谢综合征的风险增加了33%（HR=1.33；CI：1.18 - 1.49）。发现使用HTPs会增加患代谢综合征的风险，在使用HTPs超过三年的人群中观察到风险尤其升高。该风险高于传统卷烟使用者中观察到的风险。
我们的研究结果表明，使用HTPs在代谢综合征发展方面带来的风险相当。
