Differences in CD24 Expression Between Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: is a small, highly glycosylated membrane protein whose expression is associated with tumorigenesis and the progression of several types of cancer. Prostate adenocarcinoma is one of the most common cancers in men, and microscopic Gleason grading is an important factor affecting prognosis. This study aims to investigate the relationship between immunohistochemical expression of and its relationship with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and Gleason grade in prostate adenocarcinoma.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 163 patients, with an average age of 70.63±9.05 years, including 78 (47.9%) patients with prostate adenocarcinoma and 85 (52.1%) patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia., referred to Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Tehran between 2018 and 2021, who underwent open prostatectomy or Trans Urethral Resection of Prostate (TURP). Immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate expression, and Gleason grade was determined in the case of prostate adenocarcinoma. Data were analyzed with SPSS 22 and a P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

The percentage and intensity of staining in prostate adenocarcinoma patients was significantly higher than in BPH patients (<0.05). Gleason score strongly correlated with the percentage and intensity of staining (<0.05). The immunoreactive score, obtained by multiplying the expression percentage with staining intensity, was also significantly related to the Gleason score (<0.05).

CONCLUSION

expression can be considered as a factor in differentiating cases of prostate adenocarcinoma from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Also, a high level of this marker can indicate the progress of prostate cancer.