Guo Dandan, Yan Junchen, Yang Zhenyu, Chen Mengzhu, Zhong Weibo, Yuan Xingxing, Yu Siming
Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
School of Graduate Studies, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Dec 2;15:1476865. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1476865. eCollection 2024.
Heart failure (HF) is a complex and debilitating condition characterized by the heart's inability to pump blood effectively, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The abnormality of immune response is a key factor in the progression of HF, contributing to adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and cellular function, which are integral to the crosstalk between cardiac and immune cells, influencing immune cell functions, such as macrophage polarization, T cell activity, and cytokine production, thereby modulating various pathological processes of HF, such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction. This review emphasizes the immune-regulatory role of exosomal miRNAs in HF and highlights their clinical potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents.
心力衰竭（HF）是一种复杂且使人衰弱的病症，其特征是心脏无法有效地泵血，导致显著的发病率和死亡率。免疫反应异常是HF进展的关键因素，会导致不良的心脏重塑和功能障碍。外泌体微小RNA（miRNA）在调节基因表达和细胞功能中起关键作用，而基因表达和细胞功能是心脏与免疫细胞之间相互作用所不可或缺的，会影响免疫细胞功能，如巨噬细胞极化、T细胞活性和细胞因子产生，从而调节HF的各种病理过程，如炎症、纤维化和心脏功能障碍。本综述强调了外泌体miRNA在HF中的免疫调节作用，并突出了它们作为诊断生物标志物和治疗剂的临床潜力。
