Becker Larissa L, Tokach Mike D, Woodworth Jason C, Goodband Robert D, DeRouchey Joel M, Devlikamov Murat R, Rahe Michael C, Siepker Christopher L, Sitthicharoenchai Panchan, Gebhardt Jordan T
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KSUSA 66506-0201.
Phytobiotics, Cary, NCUSA 27511-4444.
Transl Anim Sci. 2024 Nov 28;8:txae165. doi: 10.1093/tas/txae165. eCollection 2024.
A total of 2,268 crossbred pigs (L337 × 1050, PIC; initially 5.5 ± 0.18 kg) were used in a 42-d growth study to evaluate the effects of 1,25(OH)D-glycoside provided from a plant extract on growth performance, bone characteristics, and serum criteria of nursery pigs. Pigs were weaned at approximately 21 d of age and randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. A total of 84 pens were used with 27 pigs per pen and 28 replications per treatment with pens blocked by BW and date of entry into the facility. Treatment diets were corn-soybean meal-based and consisted of a control diet (1,653 IU/kg of vitamin D), or the control diet with 1.2 or 2.0 μg of 1,25(OH)D-glycoside/kg. Blood samples were collected from 25 gilts/treatment on days 21 and 42 to assess 25(OH)D, cytokine concentrations, and antibody titers. At the end of the study, 10 pigs per treatment were euthanized and the right fibula, metacarpal, second and 10th ribs were collected to determine bone density, breaking strength, and percentage bone ash. Overall, there was a tendency (linear, = 0.067) for a reduction in G:F as added 1,25(OH)D-glycoside increased, but no significant effects on final BW, ADG, ADFI, or mortality were observed. There were no treatment × bone interactions for bone breaking strength and bone ash. Percentage bone ash increased (linear, = 0.030) across all bones as 1,25(OH)D-glycoside increased. Treatment did not affect bone ash weight and breaking strength. Metacarpals and 10th ribs had the greatest bone ash weight followed by the fibula with the second ribs having the lowest (< 0.05). Metacarpals had greater breaking strength compared to all other bones, followed by the fibula and 10th rib, with the second rib having the lowest (< 0.001). There was a bone × treatment interaction for bone density, where increasing 1,25(OH)D-glycoside increased bone density for the second rib (= 0.012), but there was no treatment difference for other bones. There was no difference between treatments for antibody titers, 25(OH)D status, or circulating cytokine concentrations except for IL-8 concentrations which decreased (linear, = 0.037) as 1,25(OH)D-glycoside increased. In summary, adding 1.2 or 2.0 μg 1,25(OH)D-glycoside/kg provided from a plant extract to a diet already containing 1,653 IU/kg of vitamin D had no effect on growth or the evaluated serum parameters; however, increasing 1,25(OH)D-glycoside increased percentage bone ash.
总共2268头杂交猪（L337×1050，PIC；初始体重5.5±0.18千克）用于一项为期42天的生长研究，以评估植物提取物提供的1,25(OH)D-糖苷对保育猪生长性能、骨骼特征和血清指标的影响。猪在约21日龄断奶，并在随机完全区组设计中随机分配到3种日粮处理中的1种。总共使用84个栏，每栏27头猪，每个处理28个重复，栏按体重和进入设施的日期进行区组。处理日粮以玉米-豆粕为基础，包括对照日粮（维生素D含量为1653 IU/kg），或添加1.2或2.0 μg 1,25(OH)D-糖苷/千克的对照日粮。在第21天和第42天从每个处理的25头后备母猪采集血样，以评估25(OH)D、细胞因子浓度和抗体滴度。在研究结束时，每个处理处死10头猪，采集右腓骨、掌骨、第二和第十肋骨，以测定骨密度、断裂强度和骨灰百分比。总体而言，随着添加的1,25(OH)D-糖苷增加，料重比有降低的趋势（线性，P = 0.067），但对最终体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量或死亡率未观察到显著影响。在骨折强度和骨灰方面，处理与骨骼之间没有交互作用。随着1,25(OH)D-糖苷增加，所有骨骼的骨灰百分比均增加（线性，P = 0.030）。处理对骨灰重量和断裂强度没有影响。掌骨和第十肋骨的骨灰重量最大，其次是腓骨，第二肋骨的骨灰重量最低（P<0.05）。掌骨的断裂强度高于所有其他骨骼，其次是腓骨和第十肋骨，第二肋骨的断裂强度最低（P<0.001）。在骨密度方面存在骨骼×处理交互作用，即增加1,25(OH)D-糖苷可增加第二肋骨的骨密度（P = 0.012），但其他骨骼的处理间无差异。除IL-8浓度随着1,25(OH)D-糖苷增加而降低（线性，P = 0.037）外，处理间抗体滴度、25(OH)D状态或循环细胞因子浓度没有差异。总之，在已经含有1653 IU/kg维生素D的日粮中添加1.2或2.0 μg/kg植物提取物提供的1,25(OH)D-糖苷对生长或所评估的血清参数没有影响；然而，增加1,25(OH)D-糖苷可提高骨灰百分比。
