Rao Zhong-Xing, Tokach Mike D, Woodworth Jason C, DeRouchey Joel M, Goodband Robert D, Shah Apoorva S, Foley Brandon H, Kjeldsen Karsten C, Brunsgaard Grete, Gebhardt Jordan T
Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506, USA.
SAM Nutrition, Bloomington, MN 55435, USA.
Transl Anim Sci. 2023 Oct 3;7(1):txad116. doi: 10.1093/tas/txad116. eCollection 2023.
A total of 300 pigs (241 × 600; DNA, Columbus, NE; initially 6.0 ± 0.01 kg) were used in a 42-d trial to determine the effects of vitamin E levels and partially replacing vitamin E with a polyphenol (Cabanin CSD, R2 Argo, Denmark) on growth performance, complete blood count, serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and cytokine panel. Sixty pens of pigs were weighed and allotted to one of the five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with 12 pens per treatment. A control treatment was formulated to provide 15 IU/kg of vitamin E equivalence from vitamin E. This control treatment was then used as a base for three replacement strategy diets to determine the effects of replacing an additional 60 IU/kg of vitamin E with polyphenol in diets containing a basal level of vitamin E requirement estimate (15 IU/kg). First, an additional 60 IU/kg of vitamin E was added for a total of 75 IU/kg of vitamin E equivalence. Second, 50% of the additional vitamin E (30 IU/kg) was replaced with the equivalency of polyphenol. Third, all 60 IU/kg of the additional vitamin E was replaced with the equivalency of polyphenol. To evaluate whether there are negative effects of feeding nursery pigs a high level of polyphenol, a fifth treatment was formulated to provide 575 IU/kg of vitamin E equivalence with 75 IU/kg from vitamin E and 500 IU/kg from polyphenol. Whole blood and serum samples were collected on days 10 and 42, and pig weights and feed disappearance were measured on days 10, 21, 31, 38, and 42. For growth performance, increasing vitamin E equivalence tended to improve (quadratic, 0.10) gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) from days 10 to 21, and tended to improve (linear, 0.10) G:F from days 21 to 42 and 0 to 42. There was a vitamin E equivalence × day interaction ( = 0.050) for serum SOD activity. Increasing vitamin E equivalence increased (linear, < 0.05) serum SOD activity on day 42 but not on days 10 ( > 0.10). For serum cytokines, there was no evidence of differences (> 0.10) between treatments and vitamin E equivalence. Moreover, there was no evidence of differences (> 0.10) in all response variables between the three replacement strategies throughout the entire periods. In summary, increasing vitamin E equivalence tended to improve G:F, which may be related to the improved SOD activity. Furthermore, polyphenol can effectively replace vitamin E provided above the vitamin E requirement to provide similar benefits from increasing vitamin E equivalence.
总共300头猪（241×600；DNA，哥伦布，内布拉斯加州；初始体重6.0±0.01千克）用于一项为期42天的试验，以确定维生素E水平以及用一种多酚（丹麦R2 Argo公司的Cabanin CSD）部分替代维生素E对生长性能、全血细胞计数、血清硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和细胞因子组的影响。对60栏猪进行称重，并以完全随机设计分配到五种日粮处理中的一种，每种处理12栏。配制一种对照处理，以从维生素E中提供15 IU/kg的维生素E当量。然后将这种对照处理用作三种替代策略日粮的基础，以确定在含有基础水平维生素E需求估计量（15 IU/kg）的日粮中，用多酚替代额外60 IU/kg维生素E的效果。首先，添加额外的60 IU/kg维生素E，使维生素E当量达到75 IU/kg。其次，用等量的多酚替代额外维生素E的50%（30 IU/kg）。第三，用等量的多酚替代所有60 IU/kg的额外维生素E。为了评估给保育猪饲喂高水平多酚是否有负面影响，配制了第五种处理，以提供575 IU/kg的维生素E当量，其中75 IU/kg来自维生素E，500 IU/kg来自多酚。在第10天和第42天采集全血和血清样本，并在第10天、21天、31天、38天和42天测量猪的体重和采食量。就生长性能而言，从第10天到第21天，增加维生素E当量倾向于改善（二次项，P=0.10）料重比（G:F），从第21天到第42天以及从第0天到第42天倾向于改善（线性项，P=0.10）G:F。血清SOD活性存在维生素E当量×天数的交互作用（P=0.050）。增加维生素E当量在第42天增加了（线性项，P<0.05）血清SOD活性，但在第10天没有增加（P>0.10）。对于血清细胞因子，各处理与维生素E当量之间没有差异的证据（P>0.10）。此外，在整个期间，三种替代策略之间在所有反应变量上也没有差异的证据（P>0.10）。总之，增加维生素E当量倾向于改善G:F，这可能与SOD活性的提高有关。此外，在高于维生素E需求的情况下，多酚可以有效替代维生素E，以从增加维生素E当量中获得类似的益处。
